200 EEYIEWS — EXPEDITION TO SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 



Several days elapsed before the tide rose to -within five feet of the usual 

 marks ; and as late as the middle of April, there was still a difference of two feet, 

 indicating au elevation of the coast to that amount — a fact substantiated by beds 

 of dead muscles and limpets. At the same time the island of Santa Maria, 40 

 miles distantina S.W., direction, and the southern shore of Ihe neighboring bay of 

 Arauco, were more affected. The former was upheaved an average of nine feet, 

 its north end having been raise. I two feet more than the south point, whilst the 

 main laud S.E., of it was only left six feet above its previous height. 



At the same time of the ruin, and until after the great waves ceased, the water 

 in the bay was quite black, and from the bubbles of air, or gas that escaped was 

 apparently boiling in every direction. It also exhaled a sulphurous smell, and 

 destroyed shoals of fish, whose dead carcases added to the variety of floating 

 objects. Whilst the waves were coming in, two explosions were seen, one a 

 column of dark smoke, like a tower outside the Island of Quiriquiua ; the other 

 resembled a huge jet of aqueous vapor, thrown up in the bay of San Vincente, 

 which is separated from that of Tulcahuano by a narrow isthmus. At the disap- 

 pearance of the latter, a whirlpool marked the spot, as though a cavity had been 

 opened into which the sea was pouring. At one place in Talcahuano, and several 

 near Ooncepcion, the ground swelled like large bubbles, and then bursting, dis- 

 charged quantities of black and fetid water, * * * * 



After describing some examples experienced by himself, he enters 

 somewbat into the theory of earthquakes, and relates a fact showing 

 the extent of a region simultaneously affected by the same shock. 

 By means of the electric telegraph erected between Santiago and 

 Valparaiso, it was ascertained that these two cities 64 miles apart, had 

 been shaken precisely at the same instant* 



Space does not remain to analyse or comment on the able and 

 lucid remarks of the author on the government of Chile, the con- 

 dition of its society, and the practices of its church ; nor can 

 we clo more than call the attention of his readers, to the lively 

 narrative of his visits to various districts in which many similar re- 

 marks are embodied. We shall be content to terminate this short 

 notice by quoting from the concluding paragraph of the book, where 

 the writer in language, we think, that speaks well both for head and 

 heart, deprecates the charge to which too many travellers have justly 

 exposed themselves : that namely of abusing the hospitality of their 

 hosts, by betraying their defects. He writes : 



Many thing-; may have been told in the preceding pages, apparently ungracious 

 from one who acknowledges so many attentions, so many acts of courtesy, and such 

 valuable assistance ; but I claim justification and pardon. These very acts would 

 have inspired lasiiug regard for the people, even had not nature invested their 

 country '-villi elements to create thee strongest interest in its, and their welfare. 

 And first, it is more than difficult for a foreigner to comprehend fully, or to 

 appreciate properly the customs and motives for thought and action, of the 

 nation in whose midst he tarries. He brings the standards of his own land by 

 which to measure them; and though lone residence may soften the home character 



