OF THE OLD AND NEW WOBLD. 247 



covery of " Fairy Pipes" along with Anglo-Roman remains of the 

 second century, similar discoveries were made on the site of the Roman 

 Town of Bremenium, and at one of the Forts on the wall of Hadrian, 

 in Northumberland. The learned author of " The Roman Wall," 

 thus refers to the discovery in the second edition of that work.* 

 " Shall we enumerate smoking pipes, such as those shewn in t he 

 cut, [which precisely correspond to many similar examples of the 

 smallest size of the so called Fair// or Danes Pipes,] among the 

 articles belonging to the Roman period ? Some of them indeed, have 

 a medieval aspect ; but the fact of their being frequently found in 

 Roman stations, along with the pottery and other remains, undoubt- 

 edly Homan, ought not to be overlooked." After 3ome further re- 

 marks in detail, Dr. Bruce proceeds to quote the following passage 

 from the " Prehistoric Annals of Scotland :" — 



" Another class of relics found in considerable numbers in North Berwick, as 

 well as in various other districts, are small tobacco-pipes, popularly known in 

 Scotland by the names of Celtic or Elfin pipes, and in Ireland, where ibey are even 

 more abundant, as Danes' pip en. To what period these curious relics belong I am 

 at a loss to determine. The popular names attached to ihem, manifestly point to 

 an era long prior to that of Sir Walter Raleigh and the maiden queen, or of the 

 royal author of ' A Counterblast to Tobacco,' and the objects along with which 

 they have been discovered, would also seem occasionally to lead to similar con- 

 clusions, in which case we shall be forced to assume that the American weed was 

 only iulroduced as a superior substitute for older narcotics. Hemp may, in all 

 probability, have formed one of these ; it is still largely used in the east for 

 this purpose." 



When preparing the notices of miscellaneous minor Scottish 

 antiquities, from which the above passage is abstracted, my attention 

 had been directed, for the first time, to these relics of the old smokers' 

 nicotian indulgences. The discovery of miniature pipes, under pecu- 

 liar circumstances, had been noted in the Statistical Accounts and else- 

 where, from time to time ; but so far as I am aware, they had not 

 been subjected to special notice or investigation by any previous 

 Scottish antiquary ; and finding evidence, then quotedf — of the dis- 

 covery of the miniature J£J/in Pipe, in " British encampments; - ' in 

 the vicinity of a primitive monolithic monument, with flint arrow 

 heads, stone celts, &c: in an ancient cemetery, alongside of medieval 

 pottery, at North Berwick ; and at considerable depths in various 

 localities ; as for example, six feet in a moss between Scalloway and 



* The Roman Wall, an historical and topographical description of the Barrier of the 

 Lower Isthmus, extending from the Tyne to the Sol way ; by the Rev. J. C. Bruce, M. A. 

 Second Edition, 1803, p. 411. 



t Archaeology and Prehistoric Annals of Scotland, 1S51, p. 680. 



