422 



SUPPOSED PREVALENCE OF ONE CRANIAL TYPE 



correspondence to certain relative proportions of the Mound-builder 

 type of head is apparent : 



Table I. — Cranial Measurements. — (Chippeways.) 



1. Joseph Shilling 



1. James Inglesol (Kobsequan). 



3. Jac. Crane ( Now-keise-gwab) 



4. Peter Jacobs (Pah-tah-se-ga.) 



5. Jacob Shilling 



6. William Snake 



7. Crania Americana, No. 683 . 



8. Crania Americana, ISTo. 684 . 



Longitu 



dinal 

 Diameter 



Parietal Frontal 

 'Diameter iJiameter 



7.5 

 1A 

 1,1 



7.3 

 6.9 



7.1 

 7.3 

 7.2 



6.1 

 6.0 

 6.0 

 5.8 

 6.0 

 6.0 

 5.8 

 5.5 



5.6 



5.0 

 5.4 

 5.4 

 5.1 

 5.5 

 4.8 

 4.3 



Inter- 

 mostoid 

 Arch. 



14.4 

 14.8 

 15.4 

 15.0 

 14.7 

 15.1 

 15.1 

 14.8 



Horizon'l 

 Circum- 

 ference. 



22.9 

 22.3 

 22.1 

 22.6 

 22.0 

 22.0 

 20.9 

 20.2 



Some of the measurements in the living head are necessarily 

 affected by the hair, always coarse and abundant with the Indian. 

 Others again, such as the vertical diameter cannot be taken ; but the 

 mastoid processes are sufficiently prominent to leave very little room 

 for error in the measurement of the inter-mastoid arch ; and this 

 suffices to show the very exceptional approximation of the modern 

 Chippeway head — in so far as it is illustrated by these examples, — to 

 the ancient type, in the proportional elevation of the vertex. In the 

 horizontal circumference some deduction must be made for the hair, 

 to bring it to the true cranial measurement in all the six living ex- 

 amples. 



I have selected the Chippeways for reference here, because — taking 

 the above measurements, along with other observations, — they appear 

 to indicate a nearer approach to some of the assumed characteristics 

 of the American cranial type, in this widely spread branch of the 

 Indian stock, than is observable in other Northern races, and espe- 

 cially than is apparent on an examination of skulls belonging, as I 

 believe, to the original Huron occupants of the greater part of 

 the country around Lakes Simeoe and Couchiching, where the 

 Chippeways more especially referred to are now settled, including 

 Upper Canada, when first explored. 



But the divergent characteristics noticeable in these, and still more 

 in the crania of older Canadian graves, are by no means confined to 

 those named, as a few examples will suffice to show. Such a radical 

 divergence from the assumed normal type a3 has been already noted 

 in Dr. Morton's selected Cherokee cranium, is no less obvious in 



