THROUGHOUT THE AMERICAN ABORIGINES. 



433 



row, pyramidal ; greatest breadth near the base ; sagittal suture pro- 

 minent and keel like, in consequence of the junction of the parietal 

 and two halves of the frontal bones ; proportion between length of 

 head and height of face as 7 to 5 ... . forehead flat and receding ; 

 occiput full and salient ; face broad and lozenge-shaped, the greatest 

 breadth being just below the orbits ; malar bones broad, high, and 

 prominent , zygomatic arches massive and widely separated : nasal 

 bones flat, narrow, and united at an obtuse angle, sometimes lying in 

 the same place as the naso-maxillary processes."* The remarks of 

 Mr. J. Barnard Davis on the last named peculiarities, are worthy of 

 note. In the Esquimaux of the eastern shores of Baffin's Bay, he 

 observes, the nasal bones are scarcely broader, though frequently 

 longer than in some Chinese skulls, where they are so narrow as to 

 be reduced to two short linear bones. " In those of the opposite, 

 or American shores of Baffin's Bay they are very different, presenting 

 a length, breadth, and angle of position, almost equal to those of 

 European races, having aquiline noses." f This slight yet striking 

 anatomical difference seems to supply a link of considerable value as 

 indicative of a trait of physiognomical character in the more southern 

 Esquimaux, tending, — if confirmed by further observation, — like 

 other physical characteristics already noticed, to modify the abrupt 

 transition assumed heretofore as clearly defining the line of separa- 

 tion between the contrasting Arctic and Bed Indian races of the 

 New World. 



TABLE V.— CRANIAL MEASUREMENTS-ESQUIMAUX. 



A. N. S. Philadelphia. 



No. 200 

 " 674 

 " 675, 

 " 676. 

 " 677. 

 " 678. 

 " 679. 

 " 155S. 

 " 1559. 

 " 1560. 

 " 1561. 

 " 1562. 

 " 1563. 

 A 



ho 



ngi- 

 tudinal 

 diam. 



7.12 

 6.15 



7. 2 

 7. 8 

 7. 8 

 6.14 

 7. 6 

 7.11 

 7- 3 

 7. 1 

 7. 1 

 7. 1 

 7. 

 7. 4 



Frontal 

 diam. 



4. 5 

 4. 2 

 4. 



4. 6 

 4. 6 

 3.12 

 4. 4 

 4. 6 

 4. 4 

 3.13 

 4. 3 

 4. 



4. 5 

 4. 4 



Parietal 

 Diam. 



4. 6 

 4.12 

 4.10 

 4.13 

 4. 6 

 4. 1 

 4.14 

 4. 7 



4. 8 

 4.13 

 4.12 

 4.12 



5. 4 

 5. 



Vertical 

 diam 



5.12 

 5. 3 

 5. 9 

 5. 7 

 5.10 

 5. 4 

 5.10 

 5.10 

 5. 8 

 5. 4 

 5. 1 

 5. 4 

 5. 8 

 5. 4 



Inter 



meatoid 



Arch. 



12.10 



12. 



12.12 



13. 



12.10 



11.12 



12 4 



12.10 



12. 4 



11.12 



12. 



12. 4 



12.14 



12. 6 



Int 



meatoid 

 Lin e 



4.3 



4.5 



4.5 



4.2 



4.7 



4.5 



4.3 



4.8 



4.5 



4.6 



4. 



4.4 



4.5 



4 1 



Occip'to 

 frontal 

 Arch. 



15.12 



14. 4 

 14.10 

 14.14 

 14.14 

 13.10 

 14.12 



15. 2 

 14. 4 

 14. 4 

 14. 

 14. 2 

 14.10 

 14.12 



Horiz. 

 Peri- 

 phery. 



21. 6 

 19. 6 



21. 



20.12 

 19. 



20. 8 



21. 6 

 20. 4 



19. 6 

 19.12 

 19.10 



20. 6 

 20. 



In the above table the great length and narrowness of the Esqui- 

 maux skull is abundantly apparent, with no very remarkable elevation 

 of the crown. A comparison, however, with the corresponding 



* Catalogue of Human Crania, A.N.S., 1857, p. 50. t Crania Brifcannica, p. 30. 



