1358 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III. 



check given to the transpiration o£ the leaves, which turn yellow, and fall off, 



the tree dying in a few days. Another is the death of the roots, from the 



formation on them of a parasitic fungus. In both cases, nothing is to be 



dime, but to remove the tree, and replant. The leaves are also apt to be 



attacked with honey-dew, mildew, rust, and other diseases, which render them 



unfit tor the food of the silkworm. The leaves covered with honey-dew may 



be washed, and, when thoroughly dry, given to the insects without injury; but 



the other diseased leaves should be thrown away. If leaves covered with 



hones -dew are given to silkworms without washing, they cause dysentery and 



deatli. 



- fta The largest white mulberry trees in England are at Syon, where there is one 45 ft. high ; 

 diameter of the trunk 1 ft. 10 in., and of the head 59ft ; and which is covered with fruit every year. 

 At Kenwood is one, 38 years planted, which is S3 ft. high ; diameter of the trunk 1 ft. 1 in., and" of the 

 head 28 ft. In Hertfordshire, at Cheshunt, 7 years planted, it is 10 ft. high ; diameter of the trunk 

 -J in., and of the head 6 ft. In Oxfordshire, in the Oxford Botanic Garden, 20 years planted, it is [20 ft. 

 high ; diameter of the trunk ;> in., and of the head 20 ft In Suffolk, at Ampton Hall, 9 years planted, it 

 is !> ft. high ; diameter of the trunk 2 in., and of the head 5 ft. In Worcestershire, at Croome, 35 years 

 planted, it is 40 ft high ; diameter of the trunk 12 in., and of the head 40 ft. In Scotland, in Forfar, 

 shire, at Airlie Castle, S years planted, it is 8ft. high; in Perthshire, at Kinfauns Castle, 8 years 

 planted, it is 5 ft. high ; in Ross-shire, at Brahan Castle, 25 years planted, it is 10 ft. high. In Ireland, 

 at Terenure, near Dublin, 8 years planted, it is 6 ft. high. In France, in the Jardin des Plantes, 35 years 

 planted, it is 32 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 1 ft., and of the head 36 ft. ; in the Botanic Gar- 

 den, Toulon, SOyears old.it has a trunk 2 ft. 7 in. in circumference. In Saxony, at Worlitz, 50 years 

 old, it is 40 ft. high, with a trunk 2j ft. in diameter. In Austria, at Vienna, in the University Botanic 

 Garden, 30 years planted, it is 45 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 1 ft., and of the head 24 ft. ; in 

 Rosenthal's N'ursery, 18 years old, it is 30 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 4 in., and of the head 

 25 ft ; at Hadersdorf, 30 years old, it is 18 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 10 in., and of the head 2 ft. ; 

 at Hriickon the Leytha, 27 years planted, it is 30 ft. high ; the diameter ot the trunk 8 in., and of the 

 head 12 ft. In Prussia, at Berlin, at Sans Souci, 25 years old, it is 9 ft. high ; the diameter of the 

 trunk 5 in. In Denmark, at Rosenberg, near Copenhagen, 10 years planted, it is 10ft. high. In 

 Sweden, at Lund, in the Botanic Garden, it is 18 ft. high, with a trunk 5|in. in diameter. In Italy, 

 at Moan, 200 years old, it is 40 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk is 3 ft, and of the head 50 ft. 



Commercial Statistics. Price of plants, in the London nurseries, from 1.?. 6d. 

 to 2s. 6d. each : at Bollwyller, plants three years old, and transplanted, are 10s. 

 per thousand ; two years old, 5s. per thousand : at New York, single plants 

 are 374 cents ; and M. a. multicaulis is from 25 to 30 dollars per hundred, 

 according to the size of the plants. 



The best work* on the culture of the white mulberry and the silkworm are, 

 Dandolo's Del? Arte di govcrnarc i Bacchi da Seta, Milan; Castelet's Traitc 

 tur le Murier blanc, Paris : Grognier's Rceherchcs Hisloriqucs et Statisques 

 tur le M/'irier, le Vcr a Sow, et la Fabrication de la Soieric y &c., Lyons ; 

 Bonafous's Memoirc tur une Education de Vers a Soie, &c., Paris ; Kenrick's 

 American Sillc-G rower's Guide, Boston; Cobb's Manual of the Mulberry Tree, 

 &c^ .Massachusetts ; Dr. Pascalis's Treatise on the Mulberry, &c., New York ; 

 and Murray's Observations on the Silkworm, London. 



5 3. .17.(.\.)coN$TANTrNopoLiTA N NA Poir. The Constantinople Mulberry Tree. 



ration. Poir. Eueyc, 4. p. 381. ; Spreng. Syst. Veg., 1. p. 492. 

 Synonyme. M. byzantlna Sieb. 



ng. N. Du ljam , 4. t. 2t 



< /'fir., Xs r - Leave* broadly ovate, heart-shaped at the base, undivided, serrate, 3-nerved ; 



glabrous on both lurfacet, except at the axils of the veins on the under one, where they are 



villous Mal<- flowers in fascicles. {Spreng. Syst. Vig., i. p. 492.) This is a low branching tree, 



-eldom exceeding the height of 10 ft. or 15 ft, ; a native of Turkey, Greece, and Crete ; which has 



long cultivated in the Jardin des l'laiitcs, but which was not introduced into England till 



ruh i- ibort, thick, and, according to Du Hamel, of a dee]) red, and insipid taste. The 



■ rv good for lilkworms. This alleged species is considered as only a variety of M. alba 



, lx.) ; who says that it is easily recognised by its rough, furrowed, 



k ; its thick and short branches ; its leaves, which are always entire; and its solitary 



.'. bite fruit It i -, he add,, a real monster (un veritable monstre, maisqui se propage toujours 



le hV me We have little doubt of its being onlv a variety of M. alba. Du Ilamel's description and 



that of in every particular, except the colour of the fruit According to M. Madiot, in 



■i, i, ni ii in 9ot i i ii I / U ulture Pratique, M. a. pomila (p. 1350- 1 was obtained from seeds of 

 1 1 o( M. conatantinopolitdna, in the Bollwyller Nursery, are 3 

 , at New V';- 



*/ !. M. (a.) tata'eica Pal. The Tartarian Mulberry Tree. 



p '). \..:U.; Lin, Sp. PL, 1399 f Mill. Diet., No. 7.; Willd. Sp. PL, 

 I od 0U1 A" IS '- , both iprlgl taken from one free. 



:. with a shallow scallop at the bast;, and either 



heart-shaped, orate, or lobedj §errated with equal teeth, smooth ; the pro- 



