136C ARBORETUM AND FRTJTJCETUM, PART HI. 



lobes; rounded, cordiform, and denticulated; of a (.lark green colour, a thick 



texture, and a rough uneven surface." (Mic//.v. Sj/l. Artier., Hi. p. 51.) They 

 are the worst of all the kinds of mulberry leaves tor feeding silkworms. The 

 fruit is o( a deep red colour, an oblong form, and an agreeable, acidulous, 

 sugary taste. The trunk of the red mulberry is covered with a greenish 

 bark, more furrowed than that of the oaks and hickories. The perfect wood 

 (which is fine-grained and compact, though light,) is of a yellowish hue, 

 approaching to lemon colour. "It possesses strength and solidity; and, 

 when perfectly seasoned, it is almost as durable as that of the locust, to which, 

 by many persons, it is esteemed equal." {Michx.) It, however, grows more 

 slowly, and requires a richer soil, it being generally found in valleys, at 

 a distance from the sea. It is a common opinion among shipwrights and 

 carpenters, that the wood of the male mulberry is more durable, and of a 

 better quality, than that of the female; but Michaux does not appear to 

 credit this supposition ; which, indeed, evidently cannot be depended on, as 

 the male and female flowers are very often found on the same tree. The red 

 mulberry is well deserving of cultivation as an ornamental tree, from its 

 thick ami shady foliage; and as a fruit tree, from the agreeable flavour of its 

 fruit. Miller mentions a plant of this species in the garden of Fulham 

 Palace, which, in 1731, had been there for several years without producing any 

 fruit ; but which, at some seasons, produced a great number of catkins, much 

 like those of the hazel nut ; which occasioned Ray to give it the name 

 of Corylus. {Diet., ed. 1.) On enquiring for this tree in 1834, we found 

 nothing known about it. It is generally said that no insect feeds on the mul- 

 berry but the silkworm. In Smith and Abbott's work on the insects of 

 Georgia, however, a specimen is given of the red mulberry, with the small 

 ermine moth (Phahe v na punctatissima) feeding on it. (See Insects of Georgia, 

 vol. ii. t.70.) 

 Y Variety. 



*t M. canadensis Lam. Diet., iv. p. 380., seems to be a variety of M. rubra. 

 {Smith in Rees's Cyclopaedia.) 



Stn/ist/cs. In the environs of London, almost the only plants that we know are those mentioned 

 as in the Horticultural Society's Garden, and in the arboretum of Messrs. Loddiges j the latter being 8ft. 

 or 10 It high, and the former 16ft high. In Durham, at Southend, 30 years planted, it is 20 ft. high, 

 against a wall ; diameter of trunk 12 in., and of the head 21 ft. not trained. In Oxfordshire, in the 

 Oxford Botanic Garden, 40 years old, it is 12 ft. high against a wall ; diameter of the trunk 10 in., and 

 of the head 30 tt In France, in the Jardin des Plantes, 50 years planted, it is 45 ft. high ; thediameter 

 of the trunk li ft., and that of the head 38 ft. In Italy, at Monza, 60 years old, it is 26 ft. high ; the 

 diameter of the trunk 2 ft, and of the head 30 ft. 



Commercial Statistics. Price of plants, in London, 2s. each; at Bollwyller, 

 francs; at New York, 37^ cents. 



*L 0. M. (r.) sca'bra Willd. The rough-leaved Mulberry Tree. 



Identification Willd.; Spreng. Syst. Veget, 1. p. 492. ; Nutt. Gen. N. Amer. PI. j Lodd. Cat.ed. 

 SyuoTtymc. M. canadensis Pair. 



Spec, C//ar., $e. Leaves rough on both surfaces, heart-shaped, 5-cleft ; the 

 loth I acuminated to the tip, tapered to the base, and serrated with equal 

 A native of North America. {Spreng. Syst. Veg.) A tree, growing 

 to the height of 20 ft. Introduced in 1817 ; and, from the appearance of the 

 plan! bearing this name in the Horticultural Society's Garden (which, in 

 ft. high), doubtless only a variety of, or possibly identical 

 with, M. rubra. 



Apj). i. Half-hardy Species t >f Morns. 



M (n'/ira I,. >' near M. I Iba ; hut its leaves an; not heart-shaped at the base. (Willdcnow Sp. PI.) 



i n Mr Rojrle'i lint (tee p. 175.). " Rumphiui isjn that the fruit is delicately fla- 



I, rtn'i Mack '■ ben ripe j and thai the Chinese feed their silkworms with the leaves. Loureiro 

 l oi the Inhabitant! of 'Cochin-China, who replant the tree every year, that 

 /////// in Rees't Cydoptedia.) 



the haves Oblong, entire, tapered to both ends, and rough. The leaves of 



'■•■■• ihaped Willdtnowap PL) l< A large and itrong tree. Fruit green, sweet, 

 If in <>t . ii. long 'J be French call thli tree la ripe, or the rasp tree of Ma. 



