ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART I 



from a bud peculiar to it ; the flowers of the group situated each upon a 

 peduncle, or each upon a pedicel, and disposed a few together upon short 

 peduncles, or Situated in both modes. Flowers bisexual, or a few of them 

 male: both kinds upon one plant. Calyx reddish, distinct from the ovary, 

 top-shaped, or bell-shaped, of one |)iece, but having 5 or 4 — S segments, which 

 are imbricate in aestivation; remaining until the fruit falls. Stamens as 

 many as the segments ; inserted into the lower part of the calyx, oppositely 

 to the segments, ami prominent beyond them : anthers opening lengthwise, 

 outwardly (Smith), inwardly (T, Nees ab Esenbeck). Ovary elliptic- 

 oblong, compressed, cloven at the summit, having two cells and a pendulous 

 ovule in each. Style very short, or there is not one. Stigmas 2, acuminate, 

 villous on the inner face. — Fruit a samara, and this compressed, more or 

 less round or oval, and having the wing-like part membranous, broad, and 

 present all round, except in a notch, whose base is the place of the attach- 

 ment of the stigmas. Seed: 1 in a samara, pendulous: in many instances, 

 it is not perfected. Embryo not attended by albumen, straight, its radicle 

 uppermost. — Species several : wild in Europe, North America, and India; 

 one or more in Asia, one in China. Trees : some of the species attaining 

 at size and age. Bark rugged. Wood hard. Branches twiggy. Flowers 

 small. Leaves alternate, in 2 ranks, feather-veined ; in most, unequal at 

 the base, annual, serrate, and harsh to the touch. Stipules oblong, 

 deciduous. Leaves within the bud folded lengthwise, in 2 portions, 

 upright, with scales between leaf and leaf. (T. Nees ab Esenbec/c, Gen. 

 PL Fl. Germ.; Smith, Engl. Flor. ; Duby et Decand. Bot. Gallic.; and 

 observations.) 



l'i \ nlk / Grmelin. Sexes polygamous, or each in a distinct flower; in each 

 case, upon the same plant. — Female and bisexual flowers. Calyx bell-shaped, 

 distinct from the ovary, membranous, green, of one piece, but having 5ciliate 

 lobes. Stamens, in the bisexual flower, 4 — 5 less developed than those in the 

 male flower. Ovary top-shaped, villous. Stigmas 2, sessile, diverging, white, 

 pimpled. Fruit roundish, gibbous, pointed, dry, 2-celled, each cell contain- 

 ing I seed. — Male flower. Calyx as in the female and bisexual flowers. 

 Stamens 4 — o, inserted near the centre of the bottom of the calyx, and 

 oppositely to its lobes. Anthers reaching a little beyond the lobes of the 

 calyx, borne outwardly to the filament, of 2 lobes that seem as 4, and 2 cells 

 that open sidewise and lengthwise. — Jin P. Gmelini the fruits are in heads; 

 and in P. Richard* nearly solitary.— Species 2 — ? 3. Trees : natives of 

 Asia and North America. Leaves alternate and more or less ovate and 

 toothed ; feather-veined and annual ; and the flowers small, and not showy. 

 P. Richard/ has stipules : which are straight, pointed, villous, and soon fall 

 off. This species has united by ingrafting with the elm. (Tarpin and 

 Mi, hem* . ) 



(Vltu Town, Flowers borne upon the shoots of the year, axillary; either 

 solitary, or 2 — 3 together, each, in any case, upon a peduncle; or from 2 to 

 many, in a raceme or panicle : in the kinds hardy in Britain, the flowers 

 ■K protruded just previously to the leaves to which they, or the fruits, are 

 afterwards axillary: bisexual, or, less commonly, by the imperfection of 

 the pistil, only male in effect; both kinds upon one plant, and when they 

 ar in the Mine raceme, the latter are the lower. Calyx bell-shaped, 

 di-tinc t from the ovary, Ft — (i-parted, the segments imbricate in aestivation. 

 Hem 5 — ( >, inserted into the base of the calyx, oppositely to its lobes, 

 BOd they are shorter than the lobes. Filaments at first incurved. Anthers 

 cordate-acuminate; the cells 2, opening at the sides. Ovary ovate, I -celled. 

 Btigmas x, leaaile, acuminate, long, spreading or recurved, downy or 



^landed, -.imple or -^-parted, fruit a drupe, suhglobose. Ovule and seed, 



, I, and pendulous. lanbryo sickle-shaped, its radicle uppermost : traces 



llbgelatinous albumen are between the cotyledons. — Species 19 or more; 



1 wild in Europe, the north of Africa, and Iberia; in the Levant; and 2 in 



China: 1 in North America! some in the West Indies and South America; 



