CHAP. CI. ULMA CEVE. CTLMUS. 1 31)5 



Commercial Statistics. Plants, in the London nurseries, from 3 ft. to 4 ft. 

 high are 20s. per hundred, from 5 ft. to 6 ft. high 36*. ; the striped-leaved 



variety 50-v. per hundred. At Bollwyller, large plants are 1 franc each ; and 

 at New York, 37| cents. 



% 2. U. (c.) subero n sa Moench. The covk-barked Elm. 



Identification. Ehr. Avb., 14'-'. ; WUld. Sp. PI., p. 1324. ; Baumz., 391.; Host Fl. Austr., 1. p. S28. ; 



Eng. Bot., t. 2161. : Engl. FL, 2. p. 21. ; Hook. Br. Fl., p. 141.; Lincll. Synop., p. 226. ; Mackay Fl. 



Hibern., pt. 1. p. 241. ; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. 

 Synonymes. U. campestrie Woodv. Med. Bot., t. 197. ; IT. campestris and Theophrasti Du Ham. 



Arb., 2. p. 367. 1. 108. ; U. vulgatissima fblio lato scabra Ger. E?nac.,U80. f, Rail Si/n., 468. ; U. 



montana Cam. Epit., t. 70., upper fig. ; common Elm Tree, Hunt. Evcl. Syl., p. 119 ; 1'Orme Liege, 



l'Orme fungeux, Fr. 

 Engravings. Eng. Bot., t. 2161. ; Hayne, t. 28. ; Wood. Med. Bot, 1. 197 ; Du Ham. Arb., 2. 1. 108. ; 



Math. Valgr.,1. p. 130. f. ; our Jig. 1240. ; and the plate in our last Volume. 



Spec. C fiar.j §c. Leaves pointed, rough, doubly and sharply serrated. Flowers 

 stalked, 4 — 5-cleft. Samara almost orbicular, deeply cloven, glabrous. 

 Branches spreading; their bark corky. (Smith Eng. Fl.) Taller and 

 more spreading than the common English elm. Bark, 

 when a year old, covered with very fine dense cork, 

 in deep fissures ; whence the specific name, suberosa, ' 

 first given by Moench, and adopted by Ehrhart. 

 Leaves rough on both sides, more rounded, and twice 

 or thrice as large as in U. campestris ; very unequal 

 at the base, strongly, sharply, and doubly serrated, 

 hairy beneath, with dense broad tufts at the origin of 

 the transverse ribs. Flowers much earlier than the 

 foliage, stalked, reddish, with 4 or 5 rounded segments, 

 and as many stamens, with dull purple anthers. Sa- 

 mara nearly orbicular, with a deep sinus reaching to 

 the place of the seed. (Sm. Engl. Fl.) A very marked 

 kind of elm, but evidently a variety of U. campestris ; 

 and we should have included it among the varieties of that species, had there 

 not been some very distinct subvarieties of it, which, we think, may be more 

 conveniently kept by themselves; and because we should, for the same 

 reason, have been obliged to include U. major, also, under U. campestris, 

 it being, in our opinion, as much a variety of that species as U. suberosa. 

 It varies exceedingly in the character of its corky bark ; sometimes being 

 deeply furrowed, and sometimes much less so. It also varies much in the 

 character of its head; being sometimes low, loose, and spreading, as re- 

 presented in the plate in our last Volume ; and sometimes being tall and 

 narrow. It is propagated by grafting on U. montana, or by layers or suckers. 

 I arh'tics. 



1 U. (c.) s. 1 vulgaris, U. suberosa Hort. Dur. The Dutch cork-barked 

 Elm. —This, except the American elm and the Canterbury seedling 

 (U. montana major glabra), is the quickest-growing of any that 

 Mr. Masters cultivates. It is, moreover, valuable, on account of its 

 growing well upon the Kentish chalks ; and it keeps its leaf till 

 late in the autumn. It is a tree of large growth : many of the elms 

 at Windsor are of this kind. 

 ¥ U. (c.) s. 2 foliis varicgdtis Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836 ; U. suberosa variegata 

 Hort. Dur. ; is precisely like the last, except in its variegation. Mr. 

 Masters has seen a few of very large dimensions ; and there is one in the 

 grounds of G. May, Esq., Strood House, Herne, remarkable for its 

 size and beauty. 

 ¥ U. (c.) s. 3 alba, U. suberosa alba Masters. — A lower tree, of more 

 compact growth, than the two preceding varieties ; and often growing 

 into an oval, or rather cone-shaped, head. Young shoots pubescent. 

 Foliage thickly set. Bark much wrinkled, and becoming white 

 with age. Fine specimens of this are growing in Lee Park, near 

 Canterbury. 



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