I 1 32 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICRTUM. PARI' 111. 



but they may be also carried into effect in summer, at 

 the ordinary season. In Dauphine, young plants in the 

 Durseries are budded chiefly by the above modes, which 

 ceed best the closer the operation is performed to th 



su 



ucceed best the closer the operation is performed to the 

 ollar of the plant. It has' also become customary, of 

 late, to that part o( Prance, to cover the branches of old m 



trees with buds. For this purpose, the branches are 

 shortened in the month of October, or in May, to within 

 8ft. or 10ft. of where they proceed from the trunk, in 

 order that they ma\ throw out a number of young shoots. l2 

 The spring afterwards, when the Bap is in motion, from 

 50 to 100 of these shoots are made choice of, and 

 budded either in the common manner, or in the flute or 

 ring method. The two latter modes are preferred, as 

 being mere certain of success, and less likely to have the young shoots blown 

 off by tlu- wind. When the common method is practised, the young shoots 

 are pinched in once or twice in the course of the season, to prevent them 

 from elongating to such an extent as to endanger their being blown off". 

 In England, the walnut is very seldom either budded or grafted; and, 

 though Boutcher recommends inarching, we believe it has been practised 

 only on a very limited scale. In Jersey, we are informed by Mr. Saunders, 

 nurseryman there, the walnut and the sweet chestnut are sometimes, but 

 \ t. r\ rarely, grafted ; and that, to insure success, the operation must be per- 

 formed while the stock is young, and the scion must be about the same size as 

 the stock. The graft should be made close to the ground, and not till late in the 

 spring, when the sap is in full motion. Mr. Knight succeeded in budding the 

 walnut by making use of those minute buds which are found at the base of the 

 annual shoots of the walnut and other trees, "which are almost concealed in 

 the bark, and which rarely, if ever, vegetate, but in the event of the destruction 

 of the large prominent buds which occupy the middle and opposite ends of 

 the annual wood." Mr. Knight inserted in the stock these minute buds, in 

 the usual manner, in several instances, and found them invariably succeed; 

 but it is necessary to state that the operation was performed on yearling 

 stocks, which grew in pots that had been placed, during the spring and early 

 part of the summer, in a shady situation under a north wall, in order to retard 

 them ; and which were removed, late in July, to a forcing-house, and instantly 

 budded with buds, w hich, as before observed, had been taken from the base of the 

 current year's shoots. M. Bosc, noticing this mode of Mr. Knight's, says that 

 he has long remarked that buds placed immediately on the collars of the roots 

 always succeed; which he attributes to the shade and the humidity which that 

 situation affords. It appears to us that Bosc's mode, provided flute or ring 

 budding were substituted for the common method, and each graft were co- 

 vered with a hand-glass, is the one most likely to be successfully practised in 

 the climate of Britain. Layering or inarching might, doubtless, be adopted 

 with success in the ease of the common walnut, as they are found to succeed 

 with Pterocarya caucasica Kvnth (Juglans /raxinifolia Lam.) and the cut- 

 lc;i\ r d walnut. Indeed, whip grafting is successfully practised with the cut- 

 I variety, in Sed\'s Nursery, at Lyons, and in other gardens in the south 

 of] 



i , the W'iiI,, at. This operation has been successfully performed by 



I \. Knight, Esq. " Young, or last year's, wood is employed both as the 

 •cion and af the Stock; and both scion and stock are allowed to unfold their 

 buds, for a week or ten days, before the operation of grafting is 



performed. Previously to doing this, the young shoots and foliage are 



rubbed off Out of 2H instances, 22 grew well, many producing shoots of 

 Dearly a yard Ion:', and of very gre.it strength. ' The scions were attached to 



the young (annual) wood of stocks, which were between oft. and 8 ft. high, 

 and in all cases they were placed to stand astride the stocks, one division of 



tan< e introduced between the bark and the wood ; 



