1658 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART 111 



ins more Prom P. tr£mula than either of the last three sorts described, 

 still we are very much inclined to think that it is a variety of that species; 

 though we do not feel sufficiently sure to venture to indicate this even in 

 parentheses. The trees in the Horticultural Society's Garden were, in 1834, 

 from 85ft. to 30ft. high, after being ten years planted. The P. grae v ca 

 is very subject to the attacks of the poplar hawk moth (Smerinthus populi), 

 the puss moth (Cerura \ inula), and sometimes to that of other less common 

 PhaWnidse. (See Mag, Nat, Hist., vol. v. p. 48.) Price of plants, in the 

 London nurseries. Is. each; and at Bollwyller, 1 franc. 



Statistics. In England, in Surrey, at Bagshot Park, 1(> years planted, it is 85 ft. high ; in Durham, 

 at Southend, 18 years planted, it is 35 ft. liigl) ; in Monmouthshire, at Woodfield, 10 years planted, 

 it is 35 It. high ; in Rutlandshire, at Belvoir Castle. IS years planted, it is 30 ft. high, the diameter of 

 the trunk S in., and of the head 24ft. ; in Suffolk, in the 15ury Uotanic Garden, 12 years planted, 

 it is 30 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 9 in., and of the head 16 ft; in Worcestershire, at Croome, 

 4 1 yean planted, it is 60ft. high. In Scotland, in Perthshire, in Messrs. Dickson and Turnbull's 

 Nursery, Perth. 13 years planted, it is 20 ft. high. In Ireland, near Dublin, in the Glasnevin Botanic 

 Garden, 80 years planted, it is SO ft. high. In Saxony, at Worlitz, 30 years old, it is 30 ft. high, the 

 diameter of the trunk 1 ft. In Prussia, at Berlin, in the Botanic Garden,10 years planted, it 

 is 80 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 6 in., and of the head 4 ft. 



5 7. P. ni v gra L. The black-barked, or common black, Poplar. 



Identification. Lin. Sp. PI., 146*. ; Pall. Fl. Ross., 1. p. 66. ; Willd. Arb., 229. ; Sp. PI., 4. p. 804. ; 

 Spreng. Svst. Veg., 2. p. 244. ; Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 2.,5. p. 396. ; Du Roi Harbk., 2. p. 139. ; Raii 

 Sj n . ++<>. ; Mill. Diet., No. 3. ; Smith Eng. Bot., t. 1910. ; Eng. Fl., 4. p. 245. : Hook. Fl. Scot, 

 Maekav Fl. Hibern., pt. 1. p. 251. 



St/noni/mes. P., No. 1632,, Hall. Hist., 2. p. 302.; P. alba Trag. Hist, 1080. fig.; P. vimfnea Du 

 ' Ham. Arb.; Aigeiros, Greek ; Kabaki, Modern Greek ; the old English Poplar, Suffolk ; the Willow 

 Poplar, Cambridgeshire; Water Poplar; the female of P. nigra is called the Cotton Tree at 

 Bury St. yEdmunds ; Peuplier noir, Peuplier Hard, Osier blanc, Fr. ; schwarze Pappel, Ger. 



Th< Sexes. Roth are described in the Eng. Flora. Numerous male plants of P. nigra grow on the 

 east confines of Bury St. Edmunds, beside the river Lark, of which that figured in Strutt's Sylva 

 (our fig. 1514.) is one. In the male, Smith states that the stamens are "eight, rarely more with 

 ns. though Linnaeus and Leers describe 16." A female plant of P. nigra stood, in 1829, on Hardwicke 

 Heath, near Bury St. Edmunds, beside the pond; and it is said another female plant grows upon 

 the same estate. 



Engravings. Eng. Bot, t. 1910. ; Ger. Em., I486., fig. ; and others, quoted in Eng. Flora ; T. Nees 

 ab Esenbeck Gen. PI. Fl. Germ. ; our fig. 1513.; and the plate of this species in our last Volume., 



Spec. Char., §c. Petiole somewhat compressed. Disk of leaf deltoid, pointed, 

 serrated with glanded teeth, glabrous on both surfaces. Catkins lax, 

 cylindrical. Stigmas 4, simple, spreading. {Smith and Sprcngel.) A tree, 

 from .50 ft. to 80 ft. high ; a native of Europe, from Sweden to Italy, on 

 the banks of rivers, and in moist woods; and found, also, in the north 

 of Africa ; flowering in Britain in March and April. 



Varieties. 



± P. n. 2 vh'idis Lindl.; P. vlridis, Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836; has the leaves 

 of a brighter green than the species. It was brought into notice 

 by a nurseryman of the name of Nurse, of Bealings, near Woodbridge, 

 in Suffolk, about 1816, or before. There is a plant in the London 

 Horticultural Society's Garden, and one in the Botanic Garden of 

 Bury St. Edmunds, and it is propagated in several nurseries. 



¥ P. n. 3 %aUcifolia\ P. .valicifolia Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836; has long narrow 

 leaves, not unlike those of *Valix viminalis. Introduced from the 

 J'loetbeek Nursery in 1834. 



Dcarrijition. A tree of the largest size, with an ample head, composed of nu- 

 merotlfl branches and terminal shoots. The bark is ash-coloured, and becomes 

 rough and deeply furrowed with age. The roots, though they run along the 

 surface, go deeper info the soil than those of either P. alba or P. tremula, 

 and do not produce suckers, though the contrary is affirmed by Miller. The 



■ Ik- are whitish ; and the branchlets are rarely hairy, but are more robust 

 than those of P. monilifera, which are glabrous. The leaves are slightly 



bed on their edges, of a pale light green ; and the petioles are yellowish. 



The haves are protruded about the middle of May, much later than those of P. 



■ '•, /'. alba, or /'. (a.) canescens ; and, When they arc first expanded, 



their colour appears a mixture of red and yellow. The catkins are shorter 



teari those of /'. tn'mula <>r /'. alba ; they app< ar before the leaves, in March 



April; those of the males are of a dark red, and, being produced in 



