1660 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III. 



of the trunk 5 ft,, anil of the head 57 ft. ; in Monmouthshire, at Dowlais House, 10 years planted, 

 it is -A 1 it. high; in Worcestershire, at Croome, 25 years planted, is 90fL high, the diameter of 

 the trunk 90 in., and of the head 80 ft. In Scotland, in the Experimental Garden, Inverleith, 9 years 

 planted, it is 89 ft. high ; in Berwickshire, at the llirsel, 13 years planted, it is 44 ft. high ; in Lanark, 

 shire, m the Glasgow Botanic Garden, hi years planted, it is 60 ft. high ; in Roxburghshire, 

 near Hawick, one tree, 59 years planted, has a clear trunk of 55 ft., which girts (i ft. 2 in., and con- 

 tains ISO ft. of timber s another tree, t>;> years planted, has a clear trunk of 55 ft., with a main 

 girt of 6ft 11 in., and contains 164 ft. of timber; in Argyllshire, at Toward Castle, 15 years 

 planted, it is 36 ft. high ; in Clackmannanshire, in the garden of the Dollar Institution, 12 years 

 planted, it Is (Oft high; in Perthshire, In Dickson and Tumbull's Nursery, 65 years planted, 

 it is 73 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 24ft., and of the head 42 ft. In Ireland, in the Glasnevin 

 Botanic Garden, 5 years planted, it is 16it high. In Austria, at Vienna, in Rosenthal's Nursery, 

 16 > ears old, it 18 S3 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 1ft., and of the head 27 ft. In Bavaria, 

 at Munich, in the English Garden, A) years planted, it is 5Uft. high, the diameter of the trunk 

 £0 in., and of the head 13 ft. 



S 11. P. eastigia'ta. The fastigiate, or Lombardy, Poplar. 



Identification. Desf. Hist. Arb , t. 2. p. 165. 



Synongmes. P. dilatata Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. l.,3. p. 406., ed. 2., 5. p. 396., Willd. Arb., 229., Sp. 

 P/,4. p. B0*., Spreng. Syst. Vcg., 2. p. 244. ; P. nigra italica Du Roi Barbie., 2. p. 141. ; P. italica 

 Munch WeissauL, 79.; P. italica dilatata WUld. ; P. pyramidata Hart.; P. pannonica Jacq. ; 

 P. italica var. carolim 'n*is Burgsdorfi Cypress Poplar, Turin Poplar, Po Poplar ; Peuplier d'ltalie, 

 Penplier pyramided, fir. ; Lombardische Pappel, Italianische Pappel, Ger. ; Pioppo Cypresso, ltal. 



The Sexes. Plants of the male are plentiful in England. The female is known to be extant in Lom- 

 bard)-, whence we have received dried specimens and seeds in November, 1836. (See Gard. Mag., 

 vol. xii.) M. C. A. Fischer, inspector of the University Botanic Garden, Gottingen, found, in 

 1827, a single plant of the female, after having many years before sought fruitlessly for it, among 

 many thousands of plants around Gottingen. (See Gard. Mag., vol. vi. p. 419, 420.) 



Engravings. Jaume St. Hilaire ; our figs. 1519, 1520.; and the plates in our last Volume. In 

 ftg, 1520, a represents the female catkins with the blossoms expanded ; b, the female catkins with 

 seeds ripe ; c, a portion of the female catkin of the natural size ; d, a single flower of the natural 

 size ; and c, a single flower magnified. 



Spec. Char,, eye. A very distinct kind, having the form of the cypress tree, 

 from its branches being gathered together about the stem. (Willd.) Petiole 

 compressed. Disk of leaf deltoid, wider than long, crenulated in the whole 

 of the edge, even the base; glabrous upon both surfaces. (Ait. Hort. Kew., 

 and Spreng.) Leaves in the bud involutely folded. A tree, growing to 

 the height of from 100 ft. to 120 ft., and sometimes to 150 ft. Introduced 

 from Italy into Britain about 1758, and flowering in March and April. 

 {Ait. Hort. Keiv.) 

 Description, Syc. The Lombardy poplar is readily distinguished from all 



other trees of this genus by its tall narrow form, and by the total absence of 



horizontal branches. The trunk is twisted, and deeply furrowed ; and the 



wood, which is small in quantity in proportion to the 



height of the tree, is of little worth or duration, being 



seldom of such dimensions as to admit of its being sawn 



up into boards of a useful width. The leaves are very 



similar to those of P. nigra, and the female catkins to 



those of P. monilifera; the male catkins resemble those 



of P. nigra, and have red anthers, but are considerably 



more slender. One difference between P. fastigiata and 



1'. nigra is, that the former produces suckers, though not 



in an) great abundance; while the latter rarely produces 



any. P. fastigiata, also, in the climate of London, pro- 

 trudes its leaves eight or ten days sooner than P. nigra. 



The male catkins of P. fastigiata, wetted and laid upon 



paper, stain it of a deep green. The rate of growth of 



J', fastigiata, when planted in a loamy soil, near water, 



is very rapid. In the village of Great Tew, in Oxford- 

 shire, a tree, planted by a man who, in 1835, was still 



living in a cottage near it, was 125 ft. high, having been 



planted about 50 years. The Lombardy poplar is but of 



fboit duration ; for, though a tree from one of the original 



cuttings brought home by Lord Kochford still exists in a vigorous state at 



Pm Cross, yet the trees at Blenheim, and other places, planted about 



the -aine time, or a few years afterwards, are in a state of decay. 

 Geography, History, ire. The Lombardy poplar is considered, by Signor 



Mam-Mi and others, as wild in Italy, particularly in Lombardy, on the banks 

 of the Po; because it has been observed that, when that river overflows its 



