chap. civ. /n:TULA v cE^. Ylnus. 1689 



but, like that of all the alders, it becomes reddish when it comes in contact 

 with the air. Tiie dwarf stature of this, and all the other American alders, 

 renders them of no use as timber trees ; but, according to Rafinesque, the 

 leaves are vulnerary and astringent. The bark is styptic, and is used for 

 dyeing brown, and, with vitriol, black. The inner bark of the root is emetic, 

 and dyes yellow. The female catkins also dye black. Plants, in the Lon- 

 don nurseries, are from 1*. to 1*. 6d. each ; and seeds Is. per oz. At Boll- 

 wyller, plants are H franc; at New York, 15 cents. 



& 5. A. undula^ta Willd. The waved-leaved Alder. 



Identification. Willd. Sp. PI., 4. p. 336. ; Baum., p. 21. : Lodd. Cat., cd. 1836. 

 Synonymes. Z?ctula crispa Ait. Hort. Kew., 3. p. 339. ; B. A In us var. crispa Michx. Ft. Bor. Amer. 

 2. p. 181. ; A. crispa Pursh Ft. Amer. Sept., 2. p. 623., N. Du Ham., 2. p. 216. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Leaves oblong, acute, rounded at the base ; petioles and 

 veins hairy on the under side ; axils of the veins naked ; stipules ovate- 

 oblong. {Willd. Sp. PL. iv. p. 336.) A shrub, not above 3ft. or 4 ft. high ; 

 a native of Canada, and on high mountains in sphagnous swamps in Penn- 

 sylvania. In the Berlin Botanic Garden, according to Willdenow, it was 

 15ft. high in 1811. Plants, in the London nurseries, are 2s. 6d. each; and 

 at New York, 20 cents ; and seeds 1 dollar and 25 cents per pound. 



% 6. A. cordifo x lia Lodd. The heart-leaved Alder. 



Identification. Lodd. Bot. Cab., t. 1231. 



Synonyme. A. cordata Tenore Prod., 54., Hayne Dend., p. 153. 



Engravings. Bot. Cab., t. 1231. ; our fig. 1545.; and the plate of this species in our last Volume. 



Spec, Char., Sfc. Leaves heart-shaped, acuminate, dark green and shining. 

 {Tenore.) A tree of similar magnitude to the common alder; a native of 

 Calabria and Naples, in woods. Introduced in 1820, and flowering in March 

 and April, before the developement of the leaves. 

 " A large and very handsome round-headed tree, 

 with broad, deep green, shining leaves, deeply 

 heart-shaped at the base. It grows with rapidity, 

 and is one of the most interesting ornamental 

 trees that have of late years been introduced." 

 {Penny Cyc, art. Alnus.) It is a most distinct 

 species ; and, though a native of the kingdom of 

 Naples, it is perfectly hardy. It ripens seeds in the climate of London, and 

 might easily be rendered as common as A. glutinosa. There is a very 

 handsome tree in the collection of Messrs. Loddiges ; and another in the 

 Horticultural Society's Garden. Plants, in the London nurseries, are 

 Is. 6d. each ; at Bollwyller, 2 francs ; and at New York, 50 cents. 



$k7. A. vi'ridis Dec. The green-leaved Alder. 



Identification. De Candolle PI. Fl., 3. p. 304. 



Synonymes. A. ovata Lodd. Bot. Cab., t. 1141. ; ,4'lnus frutic&sa Sch?nidl ; 2?etula ovata Schrank 

 Sal., No. 159.. Fl. Bav., 1. p. 419., as quoted in JV. Du Ham., 3. p. 206., Willd. Sp. PL, p. 465., 

 Wats. Dend. Brit, t. 96., Host Fl. Aus. 2. p. 625. ; B. J'lno-2?etula3 Ehrh. Beytr., 2. p. 72. ; B. 

 viridis Hort. 



Engravings. Dend. Brit., t. 96. ; Bot. Cab., t. 1141. ; Schmidt CEstr. Baum , 3. t. 189. ; and our fig. 

 1546., in which a is the ament, or male catkin ; b, the male flower magnified ; c, the stamen magni- 

 fied ; d, a longitudinal section of the cone or female catkin ; e, and g, transverse sections of the cone, 

 to show the position of the scales ; /, the female catkins ; h, the samara, or seed, with its wings. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Leaves ovate, doubly serrated, glabrous. Peduncles of the 

 female catkins branched. Scales of the strobiles having equal lobes, trun- 

 cate-nerved. ( Willd. Sp. PI., iv. p. 465.) A large shrub, or low bushy tree : 

 a native of the high mountains of Hungary, Styria, and Carinthia; and of 

 Germany, in the neighbourhood of Salzburg. Flowering, in Messrs. Lod- 

 diges's collection, in March and April ; and ripening its seed in August. It 

 was introduced in 1820. This plant is considered by many botanists as 

 intermediate between the alders and the birches. It agrees with the alders, 

 in having the peduncles of the female catkins ramose ; and in general 

 appearance it resembles the yf'lnus incana in a young state : but it belongs 

 to the birches, by the parts of its fructification, and by the number of its 



