CHAP. CV. CO RYLANCE IE. QUE'RCVS. 1917 



Poetical Allusions. There are very few. Lord Byron speaks of 



** The cork trees hoar that crown the shaggy steep," 



in his Childc Harold ; and Southey describes their appearance in the gleam of 

 a traveller's fire, in his Roderick, the Last of the Goths : — 



"Bright rose the flame replenish'*! : it illumed 

 The cork tree's furrow'd rind, its rifts and swells, 

 And redder scars, and, where its aged boughs 

 O'erbower'd the travellers, cast upon the leaves 

 A floating, grey, unrealising gloom." 



.Statistics. Tn the environs of London, at Ham House, Essex, the cork tree is 27 ft. high, the 

 diameter of the trunk 1 ft. 10 in., and of the head 23 ft. ; at Kenwood, Hampstead, 60 years planted, 

 it is 35 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 2 ft, and of the head 40 ft. ; at Fulham Palace, 150 years 

 old, it is 40 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 3 ft. 6 in., and of the head 24 ft. ; in the Mile End 

 Nursery, it is 28 ft. high, the circumference of the trunk 4 ft. 4 in — South of London. In Devonshire, 

 at Killerton, 34 years planted, it is 57 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 2 ft., and of the head 41 ft. -, 

 at Brochill, 45 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 3 ft, and of the head 45 ft. In Somersetshire, 

 at Nettlecombe, 60 years planted, it is 30 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 1 ft. 10 in., and that 

 of the head 28 ft In Suffolk, at Campsey Ash, it was 26 ft high, with a trunk 2 ft. 3 in. in 

 diameter. This tree, we are informed, is since dead. In Surrey, at Farnham Castle, 50 years 

 planted, it is 30 ft. high; at Claremont, it is 40ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 3ft. 6in., and 

 that of the head 50 ft— North of London. In Cheshire, at Eaton Hall, 8 years planted, it is 10 ft. high. 

 In Denbighshire, at Llanbede Hall, 15 years planted, it is 22 ft. high. In Pembrokeshire, at Stack- 

 pole Court, 100 years old, it is 40 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 2 ft., and of the head 40 ft. In 

 Suffolk, at Finborough Hall, 16 years planted, it is 12 ft. high ; the diameter of the trunk 8 in., and 

 of the head 10 ft. In Warwickshire, at Coombe Abbey, 60 years planted, it is 64 ft. high, the 

 diameter of the trunk 2 ft. 8 in., and of the head 20 ft. In Worcestershire, at Croome, 40 years 

 planted, it is 35 ft high, the diameter of the trunk 10 in., and of the head 15 ft— In Ireland, in the 

 Glasnevin Botanic Garden, 30 years planted, it is 15 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 10 in., and of 

 the head 12 ft ; at Cypress Grove, it is 45ft high, the diameter of the trunk 1 ft. 6 in., and of the 

 head 27 ft. ; at Castletown, it is 28 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 2 ft. 8 in., and of the head 24 ft. 

 —In Switzerland, at the seat of M. Gaussen, Bourdigny, near Geneva, it is 3 ft. 4 in. in circumference. 

 —In Italy, in Lombardy, at Monza, 14 years planted, it is 12 ft high, the circumference of the trunk 

 1 ft., and the diameter of the head 10 ft. 



1 35. Q. Pseu'do-Su'ber Desf. The False-Cork Oak. 



Identification. Desf. Atlan., 2. p. 348. ; Spreng. Antiq. Bot, p. 16. t. 1. ; N. Du Ham., 7. f>. 174. ; 



Wiild., No. 60. ; Smith in Rees's Cycl., No. 67. 

 Synonymes. Chenc faux Liege, Chene de Gibraltar, Fr.i Unhchte Kork-Eiche, Gcr. Bosc states 

 "that he possesses a leaf of Q. Turner?', which was brought to him from Kew by L'Heritier, and 

 that it is identical with Q. PseQdo-Suber ; but the leaves of Q. Turner/ are not in the slightest 

 degree hoary or glaucous beneath, nor has it a corky bark. 

 Engravings. Sant Viagg., t 4.; Spreng. Antiq.'Bot, t 1.; N. Du Ham., 7. t. 48. f. 2.; and'our 

 Jig. 1801. 



Sj)cc. Char., $c. Leaves ovate-oblong or lanceolate, sinuated, dentated or 

 serrated ; hoary beneath. Bark fungous, cracked. Nut ovate. Calyx mu- 

 ricated, with lax, recurved, linear scales. {Desf.) Native of the mountains 

 of Tuscany, Spain, and Barbary. Desfontaines ga- 

 thered it on Mount Atlas, and the Abbe Durand, near 

 Tangier. A tree, 50 ft. or 60 ft. high ; the bark of 

 which is corky, though less so than that of Q. Suber. 

 Young branches downy or hoary ; sometimes smooth, 

 striated. Desfontaines describes the bark as fungous 

 as very thick, and as being, without doubt, capable of 

 replacing the cork of Europe. The leaves are oval- 

 oblong, dentated or serrated ; smooth above, and pu- 

 bescent beneath. He adds that the leaves do not 

 drop during winter ; while in the Nouveau Du Hamcl y in Bosc, and under 

 the article Q. Pseudo-tfuber in Rees's Cyclopaedia, they are described as 

 deciduous. Bosc, indeed, states that the leaves remain green a part of 

 the winter ; so that the tree may be considered as forming the connect- 

 ing link between the evergreen oaks and the deciduous ones. A tree of 

 Q. Pseiido-jStiber was planted in the garden of M. Lemonnier, near Ver- 

 sailles, by M. A. Richard, in 1754, which is stated to have proved quite 

 hardy, and of vigorous growth, though, in 1820, it had not produced fruit. 

 We have not been able to get any account of the present state of this tree ; 

 but we can easily conceive that it may be evergreen on the shores of the 

 Mediterranean, and only subevergreen in the neighbourhood of Paris or 

 London. The specimens of this tree in the Horticultural Society's Garden 

 (lately, 1837, dead), and at Messrs. Loddiges's, have always appeared to us 



