1980 



ARBORETUM AND FRUT1CETUM. 



•ART III. 



this tree produce* about 90 lb. of mast every year, which sells at 2 dollars (% ) per lb (see Gard 

 ol n in p. MS.) : at Gtittingen, in the Hotanic Garden, 26 years planted, it is between SO ft and 

 M ft. high, ir Austria, at Vienna, at Laxcnburg, it is 25 ft.. high. In Prussia, at Berlin at Sans 

 Soud, it is IS tt. high. ' 



Commercial Statistics. In the London nurseries, mast is 10.v. per bushel; 

 two \ ears' seedlings are 8*. per thousand ; transplanted plants, from 2 ft. to 

 S ft. high, 40.«. per thousand. Plants of the purple-leaved variety are from 9d. 

 to I*. (></. each ; o\' the fern-leaved, from Is. 6d. to 2*. 6d.; and of F. s. pen- 

 dula, from St. 6a*. to 5s. At Bollwyller, plants of the different varieties are 

 from 8 to 3 francs each ; and, at New York, the species is 25 cents per plant, 

 and the varieties 1 dollar each. 



t -2. F. FERRUGi'nea Ait. The American fcvmgxnons-ivoodcd Beech. 



Identification. Ait. Hort Kew., 3. p. 362. ; Abbott Ins., 2. p. 149.; Willd. Arb., 112 • Michx N 



Amor, ;5. p. 21. ; Willd. Sp. PL, 4. p. 460. ' ' 



Synonynu-s. F. americana latifdlia Du Roi Harbk., 1. p. 269. Wang., Amer., p. 80. • red Beech 



Engravings. Michx. N. Amer. Syl., 3. t. 106. ; Wang. Amer., t. 29. f. 55. ; and our fig. 1917. 



Spec. Char., c\c. Leaves ovate, acuminate, thickly toothed ; downy beneath ; 

 ciliate on the margin. {Willd. Sp. PL, iv. p. 460.) A North American 

 timber tree, so much resembling the common European beech, as by some 

 to be considered only a variety of it. It was introduced in 1766 and is 

 not unfrequent in collections. The American bee c h is easily known from 

 the European one by its much shorter obtusely 

 pointed buds, with short, roundish, convex scales, 

 which terminate almost abruptly, and are enclosed 

 in numerous, short, loose scales. 



Varieties. 



*t F. /. 2 carolinidna ; F. caroliniana Lodd. Cat., 

 ed. 1836; and fig. 1915. ; has leaves some- 

 what cordate at the base, ovate, slightly 

 acuminate, obsoletely dentate, and some- 

 what mucronate. The colour is a very dark 

 green, somewhat tinged with purple when 

 fully mature. The veins of the under side 

 of the leaf are somewhat hoary. 



5 F. /. 3 latifdlia; F. latifolia of Lee's Nursery; and our fig. 1916 



Leaves lanceolate, acuminate ; tapering at the base, feather-nerved, 

 much longer than those of the preceding variety in proportion to 

 their length, and of a lighter green. It differs from the plant marked 

 F. carolinianain the Hack- 

 ney Arboretum; but, as 

 the latter is very small, and 

 the Hammersmith plant is 

 growing in a better atmo- 

 sphere, perhaps it is not 

 worth keeping distinct. 



Description, Sfc. The red beech, 

 Michaux observes, bears a greater 

 resemblance to that of Europe than 

 to the American white beech. It 

 equals the latter in diameter, but 

 not in height; and, as it ramifies near 

 the ground, it has a more massive 



bead, and ■ more tufted foliage. Its 

 leaves are equally brilliant with 



those ot the white beech, a little 

 larger and thicker, and more deeply 

 • < (J. It-, fruit is of the s;une 

 form, but only half as large J while 

 the prickles of its calyx are less 



numerous, but firmer. The wood 





