242 Notice of Active and Extinct Volcanos. 



dred, the two most remarkable of which are the Lake de Bou 

 chet and the crater of Bar. The former, which is situated near 

 the villages of Cayre and Bouchet, is of an elliptical form, and 

 without any outlet. Its depth is about ninety feet, and its great- 

 est diameter two thousand three hundred. The character of the 

 rocks in its neighborhood corresponds very well with the idea of 

 its volcanic origin. The crater of Bar is placed on an isolated 

 mountain in the midst of granite, forming a truncated cone about 

 twenty thousand feet in circumference at its base, and eight hun- 

 dred and thirty in height. It is composed entirely of lapilli and 

 scoriform lava, and on its summit is the crater, which is almost 

 perfect, one thousand six hundred and sixty feet in diameter, 

 and one hundred and thirty in depth. It appears that a lake 

 once existed there, but it is now nearly dried up." 



That the changes in the rocks have been scarcely appreci- 

 able within the limits of history is considered as proved by the 

 fact that the rock on either side of the old Roman roads, 

 none of which can be less than one thousand and three hun- 

 dred years old, has undergone since that period, scarcely any 

 sensible decay. 



Volcanos of Germany. 



With this slight notice of the volcanos of France, we pass 

 to those of Germany. 



" Although no active volcanos are found in any part of that 

 extensive country, and the recognition of those which are ex- 

 tinct dates only from the last century, yet those who have visi- 

 ted the spots themselves will feel no more doubt as to their hav- 

 ing once existed, than an American who had witnessed the burn- 

 ing mountains of his own hemisphere, but had never heard of 

 those in Europe, would entertain with respect to the real nature 

 of Vesuvius, if landed at its foot when it chanced to be in a 

 tranquil state. 



" This remark applies to no case more completely than to 

 that of the rocks which occur in a district commonly known by 

 the name of the Eyfel, situated between the Rhine and the pres- 

 ent frontier of the Netherlands. 



" This country is bounded on the south-east by the Moselle, 

 on the north-east by the Rhine, on the west by the Ardennes and 

 the other mountains round Spa and Malmedi, and on the south 

 by the level country about Cologne. 



" The fundamental rock which comes to view is clay-slate, as- 

 sociated with greywacke, and with asaccharoid magnesian lime- 



