Notice of Active and Extinct Volcanos. 303 



fourteen hundred feet in height. Besides a considerable con- 

 densation of sulphur given out from the crevices, jets of hot wa- 

 ter likewise take place, which fill periodically certain small ba- 

 sins like the Geysers of Iceland. 



" 4. Martinique can hardly be said to belong to this class, for 

 limestone is seen resting upon the volcanic products. 



" The latter however constitutes the fundamental rock through- 

 out the whole island, and forms three principal hills called Vau- 

 clin, the paps of Carbet consisting of felspathic lava, which are 

 the most elevated summits in the whole of this series of islands, 

 and montagne Pelee. Between the first and second of these is 

 found in a neck of land a tract composed of ancient basalts, cal- 

 led La Roche Carree. Hot springs at Precheur and Lameutin. 



"5. Dominica is completely composed of volcanic matter, but 

 the action is extinct. 



" 6. Gaudeloupe may be divided into two parts, according to 

 its physical structure. 



" The first, properly called Gaudeloupe, consists entirely of 

 volcanic rocks, and therefore belongs to this division of our sub- 

 ject ; the second named Grande Terre, is calcareous, consisting 

 of a shelly limestone, covered by a bed of clay, and containing 

 rolled masses of lava. The volcanic part of the island contains 

 fourteen ancient craters, and one in a state of present activity. 

 The eruption of 1797 took place from an elevation of four thou- 

 sand eight hundred feet. Pumice, ashes, and clouds of sulphu- 

 reous vapours were then ejected. The particulars are given in 

 the report made to the French government on the state of the 

 volcano in 1797 by Mons. Amie. 



"7- Montserrat — a Solfatara; fine porphyritic lavas, with 

 large crystals of felspar and hornblende, near Galloway, often 

 much decomposed by the sulphureous exhalations. 



" 8. Nevis — a Solfatara. 



" 9. St. Christopher's — a Solfatara at mount Misery. 

 " 10. St. Eustachia — the crater of an extinguished volcano, sur- 

 rounded by pumice. 



" The third class comprehends the islands of Margarita, Desi- 

 rade, Curacoa, Bonaire, and in general all the islands of low ele- 

 vation ; they consist entirely of limestone of very recent forma- 

 tion. 



" The fourth class, partly composed of volcanic products, and 

 partly of shelly limestone, comprises the Islands of Antigua, St. 

 Barthelemi, St. Martins, and St. Thomas. 



Antigua is remarkable for its siliceous petrifactions. (See 

 Vol. I, page 56, and 140, and Vol. XII, page 378, of this 

 Journal.) 



