CHAP. II. BRITISH ISLANDS. 119 



in 1816; Crataegus jorunifolia, in 1818 ~_Yucca glauc£scens, 

 Ribes caucasicum, and Caragdna microphylla, in 1819; Pyrus 

 nepalensis, Philadelphus hirsutus, Populus lnacroph^lla, Pilia 

 laxiflora, Pinus adunca, and P. uncinata, in 1820. 



From 1821 to 1830, three hundred and eighteen trees and 

 shrubs were introduced ; viz., upwards of sixty by the Horti- 

 cultural Society ; twenty-five by Schleicher (obscure species of 

 willows) ; twenty-one by Messrs. Loddiges ; four by Lord Car- 

 narvon ; three by Whitley ; one by Malcolm ; one by Shepherd 

 of Liverpool ; one by Don of Cambridge ; one by Low of 

 Clapton; one by Philip Barker Webb, Esq.; one (Benthamz'a 

 fragifera, in 1825) by J. H. Tremayne, Esq.; one by the late 

 Mr. William Baxter (S611y« heterophylla, in 1830); one by 

 Bunney; and one (Ribes speciosum, in 1829) by A. B. Lam* 

 bert, Esq. By far the greater number of the species intro- 

 duced by the Horticultural Society were sent home by the 

 late unfortunate Douglas, from the north-west coast of North 

 America ; among them are, Berberis ^quifolium, Gaulthei70 

 Shallon, ^rctostaphylos tomentosa, Ribes viscosissimum, and 

 ^4 s cer macrophyllum, in 1826 ; and Berberis glumacea, A^cev 

 circinatum, Arbutus procera, Ribes niveum, inebrians, and di- 

 varicatum ; /fubus spectabilis, ^4 v bies DouglaszY ; Pinus pon- 

 derbsa, Lambertz««#, and Sab'midna ; Ameldnchier florida, and 

 Garry a elliptica, in 1827. In this decade the Horticultural 

 Society also introduced the Cedrus Deoddra from Nepal, i'n 

 1822; and Cotoneaster frigida, and C, Nummularia, in 1824. 

 Among those by Loddiges are, Quercus Taiizin and Gleditschg'a 

 caspica, in 1822; A^cer opulifolium, Praxinus alba, epiptera, 

 fusca, macrophylla, and quadrangularis, all in 1823; and Prax- 

 inus cinerea and Cotoneaster microphylla, in 1825. The 

 greatest number of the valuable trees and shrubs added to the 

 British arboretum, during this century, was introduced by 

 Messrs. Conrad Loddiges and Sons, and the next greatest 

 number by the Horticultural Society. Messrs. Loddiges re» 

 ceived their importations chiefly from their foreign correspond- 

 ents, and more especially from American collectors and 

 nurserymen. The principal British collectors during this period 

 were, Fraser, Lyon, and Douglas. Notices of the first two 

 have been kindly prepared for us by Mr. Forsyth ; and of the 

 latter we shall give a short abstract of a biographical memoir 

 which appeared in the Gard, Mag,, vol. x. p. 271. 



John Fraser was a native of Inverness-shire ; he came to Lon- 

 don about 1770 (or 1776), married, and settled as a hosier and 

 draper in Paradise Row, Chelsea ; but, being of a very active 

 and enterprising turn of mind, and having imbibed a taste for 

 plants in his frequent visits to the physic garden at Chelsea, 

 then under the care of the late Mr. Forsyth, he determined on 



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