CHAP. III. MAGNOU/CZ;^. MAGNO^L/yf. 275 



lish garden at Caserta, and in most of the botanic gardens ; but, as already 

 observed, the deciduous American magnolias do not thrive in the south of 

 Europe, except in particular localities. In North America, there is a tree of 

 this species in Bartram's Botanic Garden, Philadelphia, 80 ft. high, which sup- 

 plies a great part of the seeds sent yearly to Europe. 



Commercial Statistics. The price of plants, about London, is 5s. each, and of 

 seeds 2s. 6d. an ounce; at Bollwyller, from 5 francs to 10 francs each plant; 

 in New York, plants are 25 dollars a hundred, or 30 cents each, and seeds are 

 9 dollars a quart. 



¥ 6. M. (? acu.) corda v ta Mx. The heart-leaved Magnolia. 



Identification. Mich. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 328. ; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 80.; Hayne Dend., p. 118.; Don's 



Mill., 1. p. 83. 

 Synonymes. The heart-leaved Cucumber Tree, Amer. ; Magnolier a Feuilles en Coeur, Fr. ; herz- 



blattriger Bieberbaum, Ger. 

 Engravings. Bot. Cab., 474. ; and our plate in Vol. II. 



Spec. Char. Deciduous. Leaves heart-shaped, somewhat ovate or cordate, 

 acute, under surface tomentose, upper surface smooth. Petals 6 — 9, ob- 

 long. (Don's Mill., i. p. 83.) A middle-sized tree. North America. 

 Flowers white and purple, scented. June and July. 1800. 

 Description. This tree, in its native country, attains the height of 40 ft. or 

 50 ft., with a trunk 12 in. or 15 in. in diameter, straight, and covered with a 

 rough and deeply furrowed bark. Its leaves, which are borne upon petioles, 

 are from 4 in. to 6 in. in length, and from 3 in. to 5 in. wide, smooth and 

 entire. The flowers, which appear in April, are yellow, with the interior of 

 the petal longitudinally marked with several reddish lines. They are from 

 3 in. to 4 in. in diameter, and are succeeded by fruit about 3 in. long, and 

 nearly 1 in. in thickness, of a similar form to those of the preceding species. 

 The wood is light and soft, and is used in joinery and cabinet-making, where 

 it can be found ; but the tree is not common in America. In Britain, the tree 

 attains the height of 20 ft. or 30 ft., and flowers freely. 



Geography. Found on the banks of the river Savannah, in Upper Georgia, 

 and on those of the streams which traverse the back parts of South Carolina. 

 The nearest point to the sea at which the younger Michaux found it, was in 

 the plantation of Goodrest, 12 miles from Augusta, along the sides of Horn 

 Creek. The tree is rare in Upper Georgia, never making its appearance in 

 forests, but only in isolated situations, along the banks of rivers. 



History, fyc. This tree appears to have been discovered by the elder 

 Michaux. It was brought to England in 1801 by Mr. Lyon ; and the original 

 tree, not 15 ft. high, still exists in the nursery of Messrs. Loddiges. This tree 

 agrees in very few particulars with Michaux's description, and, taken together 

 with the various and very opposite appearances assumed by the seedlings of 

 M. acuminata, convinces us that M. cordata is nothing more than a variety of 

 M. acuminata. The soil and situation may be considered the same as in the 

 preceding species ; but, as this race or variety seems, in its native country, to 

 inhabit higher and drier localities than M. acuminata, it may probably be 

 placed in still more exposed situations than that species in Britain. 



Statistics. Though this species is by no means uncommon in British gar- 

 dens, we are not aware of many large specimens of it. The highest we know 

 of is at Claremont, where it has attained the height of 27 ft. in sandy loam on 

 clay. At Luscombe, in Devonshire, there is a tree 8 years planted, which has 

 attained the height of 14ft.; and at West Dean, in Sussex, is one 9 years 

 planted, which is 1 3 ft. high. At High Clere, in a situation upwards of 500 ft. 

 above the level of the sea, a plant 12 years planted is 12 ft. high. In the Perth 

 Nursery, one 8 years planted is 15 ft. high against a wall. There are trees as 

 standards at Oriel Temple, Terenure, Charleville, and various other places in 

 Ireland. At Paris, there are trees at Sceaux, and in most of the nurseries and 

 botanic gardens. Plants, both seedlings and layers, are not unfrequent in the 

 nurseries. The price, in London, is from 7.9. 6d. to 21s. ; at Bollwyller, 6 francs ; 

 in New York, 1 dollar. 



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