32(» 'FORCING DEPARTMENT. 



more ready in giving out its caloric than when at a 

 higher degree. 



In another house here, the boiler, pipes, and reser- 

 voir contain 190 gallons. The boiler has been filled 

 when the water was at 45 degrees, the fire lighted, 

 and in the space of one hour the temperature of this 

 quantity of water has been raised to 110 degrees in 

 the boiler, and to 98 degrees in the reservoir, which 

 is 50 feet distant from the boiler, the fuel consumed 

 being only half a bushel of coal. In the course of 

 two hours, the water in the boiler was increased to 

 138 degrees, and, in three hours, its temperature to 

 166 degrees. The fuel required for raising it to the 

 last mentioned degree, was simply one bushel, which 

 would be sufficient to keep an ordinary sized house 

 for 24 hours, in the severest weather, when once set 

 a-going. The thermometer in the reservoir indicated 

 12 degrees of a lower temperature than that in the 

 boiler, which may be readily accounted for, by being- 

 fifty feet apart, and farther from the immediate action 

 of the fire. The advantages which these large pipes 

 have over those of less dimensions, is, that when the 

 great body of water is once heated in them, they will 

 retain it for a number of hours, without requiring 

 any additional fuel supplied to the boiler, or atten- 

 dance ; whereas, the shallow pipes, if not constantly 

 attended to, and the fire kept plying under the 

 boiler, will soon become cold. It must, therefore, 

 be obvious, that the small, or shallow pipes, require 

 a far greater attendance, and infinitely more fuel, 

 than those of more capacious dimensions. 



The size of the boiler, pipes, &c. should always be 



