of the Electric Resistance of Liquids. 
137 
in which case the column seems to hare a slightly larger 
resistance than it ought to have. This perhaps arose from the 
fact that, although the platinum plates nearly filled up the 
entire section of the trough, still the lines of flow at the 
platinum wire, which was kept stationary at a distance of 
5 centimetres from one of the plates, were not quite parallel 
to the edge of the trough. 
The two following sets of experiments, H and I, differ from 
the preceding only in that the lower end of the glass tube Avas 
one centimetre above the bottom of the trough ; and from 
these two sets of experiments we see that the resistance of the 
lower layer of water-column, as measured by the electrometer, 
is nearly proportional to the distance between the wires, except, 
again, for the shortest distance. 
Distance Time after 
between pla- putting on 
tinum wires. battery. 
Galvanome- : Electrometer- 
ter-deflection. ; deflection. 
f80 
(.20 
1 
1 35 
2 
2 20 
1 
1 20 
1 45 
2 20 
709 
703 
700 
698 
704 
700 
50 
37-5 
26 
13 
49 
37 
The next experiments were for the purpose of seeing whether 
the potential, as measured by the electrometer, would come 
out uniform at all points in one vertical transverse section of 
the trough as well as at all points in one of the glass tubes. 
Distance 
between the Position of 
platinum tbe lower end Galvanome- 
wires "W and of one of the ter-deflection. 
W, in centi- j tubes, 
metres. 
f80 
jj 80 
r P . 
Down 
1 SO 
Up. 
Electrometer- 
deflection. 
6S9 
49 
" Up " means that the lower end of the glass tube was 
about 1 centim. below the surface of the water: and u Down " 
that it was about 1 centim. above the bottom of the glass 
trough. The platinum wire was now raised about 4 centim. 
above the bottom of the glass tube when the glass tube was 
down and the electromotive force was unaltered. The poten- 
tial therefore, at all points in a vertical transverse section as 
