398 Intelligence and Miscellaneous Articles. 
horizontal line, perpendicular to the bar. The tube between the 
magnetic poles was wrapped in a piece of thick asbestos cloth, in 
order to avoid complications arising from the generation of heat 
in the magnetic coils. The distance between the poles was about 
2*5 cm. A Bunsen lamp was placed in the wooden box, and was 
so regulated as; o maintain the iron above it at a very dull cherry- 
red heat. The German silver wires were connected with the 
wires of a reflecting-galvanometer of six ohms-resistance ; the 
connections were separated by paper bound together and covered 
with cloth. The lamp was always lighted from four to five hours 
before any observations were made. It was found that by this time 
the apparatus had pratically reached a condition of thermal equi- 
librium . At first the current from a battery of ten Grove cells was 
used ; afterwards a battery of twenty-six very large Bunsen cells 
was used. 
After the lamp had been burning for four hours, there was 
always a permanent deflection of the galvanometer of about 12 cm. 
When the current was now passed through the magnets, this 
deflection was immediately changed permanently. The change 
was found to be due to the direct action of the magnet upon the 
galvanometer-needle, though the distance between the two pieces 
of apparatus was about 10 metres. This deflection amounted to 
2*8 cm. when the stronger current was used. Thirty minutes 
after the magnet was made, the galvanometer spot was always found 
to have changed by about 3 cm. The direction of the change was 
such as to show that the junction on the magnetized arm was 
becoming warmer. It was at first thought that this confirmed 
Haggi's results. 
The apparatus was next arranged with one arm of the iron 
parallel to the axis of the magnet. The arm was passed through 
the hollow core of an electro-magnet somewhat stronger than the 
preceding. The same battery was used. The details of the ex- 
periment were exactly the same as when the bar was perpendicular 
to the lines of force. The results of severval observations here also 
showed that the junction on the magnetized arm became hotter 
under magnetization. 
We had previously assumed that the heat developed in the mag- 
netic coil would be too slight to affect the iron bar. This assump- 
tion was now proved to be incorrect, by placing the unheated bar, 
arranged exactly as in the preceding experiments, in the magnetic 
field. When the magnet was made, the galvanometer-needle began 
slowly to move, always in the direction showing a heating of the 
junction on the magnetized arm. This deflection was slightly 
larger, after the same space of time, than the deflections observed 
in the previous experiments, and consequently rendered the results 
of these experiments Useless. 
In order to avoid complications arising from the heat generated 
by the electric current, the following arrangement was adopted: — 
About 17 cm. from one end, the iron bar was bent upon itself. At 
the end of the bent part, at the point of the bar opposite this end, 
