Mr T. Belt on the Formation of Lakes by Ice-action. 323 



6. "On the former existence of Glaciers in the High Grounds of 

 the South of Scotland." By J. Young, M.D., F.R.S.E. 



The heights bordering the counties of Peebles and Dumfries are 

 stated by the author to contain well-preserved remains of a group of 

 Glaciers belonging to a later period than the Boulder-clay, and 

 some of which have been already alluded to by Mr. Geikie and Mr. 

 Chambers. Dr. Young then describes the physical geography of 

 the region, grouping the several hills into three ranges — the Broad 

 Law Range, the White Coomb Range, and Hartfell — from which 

 certain glaciers formerly descended into the valleys ; and he further 

 divides the glaciers into two classes, which he terms respectively 

 the M Social" and the " Solitary." The author then describes the 

 form and extension of the masses of detritus which he considers to 

 be glacial de'bris, contrasting their characters with those of the 

 patches of Boulder- clay occurring in the neighbourhood. 



Many indications of glaciers are* shown to be much obscured by 

 the prevalence of peat in the district ; but, in addition to the mo- 

 raine matter, smoothed surfaces and roches moutonnees are occa- 

 sionally seen. 



7. " On the Formation and Preservation of Lakes by Ice-action." 

 By Thomas Belt, Esq. 



During a residence of two years in the province of Nova Scotia, 

 the author observed the remarkable number of lakes, great and 

 small, occurring there, sometimes in connected chains and some- 

 times on the sides and tops of hills. The lake-basins are stated to 

 be chiefly in extremely hard quartzites and metamorphosed schists, 

 irregularly studded with masses of Boulder-clay, beneath which are 

 seen scratches, grooves, &c, that have been produced by ice-action. 

 The author then describes all the phenomena in detail, and gives a 

 resume of the theory of their glacial origin, as propounded by Pro- 

 fessor Ramsay, coming to the conclusion that in this way only can 

 the facts be consistently explained. 



8. " A Sketch of the Principal Geological Features of Hobart, 

 Tasmania." By S. H. Wintle, Esq. 



The hills upon which Hobart is built, as well as those in the 

 vicinity, are mostly composed of New (?) Red Sandstone, capped 

 with Greenstone of variable composition and of great thickness in 

 some places. 



The Carboniferous Limestone (?) is stated to be very extensively 

 developed throughout the island, and to be very fossiliferous ; the 

 author describes its lithological characters, as well as those of the 

 Devonian rocks and the Silurian slates of Mount Wellington, which 

 last have, as yet, proved unfossiliferous ; but he states that Mr. 

 Gould has found a Calymene Blumenbachii in similar rocks in the 

 interior. He then, after describing the Coal-formation of the island, 

 and remarking upon the anthracitic nature of the coal, passes on to 

 the " Boulder Drift (?)," which consists of immense boulders, prin- 

 cipally of felspathic trap and greenstone, imbedded in stiff clay in 

 some parts, and in loam in others. The boulders are also associated 



