62 BKITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



spring brood. We, therefore, append the references to "polysperchon" 

 culled from various authors. Thus we have polysperchon recorded 

 from east and west Prussia — Jetau, Elbing, Dantzig, not rare (Schmidt), 

 the walls of the fort Courbiere at Graudenz (Eiesen); in Pomerania — 

 in the Julow and about the forts near Stettin, at the end of May, the 

 ? rarer than the $- , amyntas always in the same places in July ; 

 some of the spring specimens are intermediate in size between the 

 normal spring and summer forms (Hering) ; in Mecklenberg, at 

 Kleinen (Schmidt) ; in Hamburg, at Eppendorf (Tessien) ; and at 

 Hamburg (Laplace) ; occurs in April and May at Hanover (Glitz) ; 

 and Osnabriick (Jamrnerath) ; in the Rhine provinces pretty abun- 

 dant at Trier (Stollwerck) ; in Hesse, at Wiesbaden, in April and 

 May (Bossier), Oberursel (Fuchs), Hanau (Limpert and Rottelberg) ; 

 around Giessen (Glaser) ; in the Stadwald of Frankfurt-on-Main, 

 etc. (Koch), supposed to be the only form round Cassel, where it 

 occurs in June, and where no second-brood examples have been 

 found (Borgmann) ; in Waldeck, rare and singly, whilst the second- 

 brood, sometimes equally rare, is occasionally pretty abundant 

 (Speyer) ; in Thuringia, appears in May from hybernated larvae 

 (Krieghoff), rarer in the Halle district than the second-brood (Stange); 

 in Anhalt, it is rare at Dessau, but the second-brood (amyntas) is 

 rarer (Richter), whilst at Brunswick it is rarer than the second- 

 brood (Heinemann), so also is it at Gottingen (Jordan) ; rare in 

 Brandenburg, both at Frankfurt-on-Oder and Finkenkrug, as is also 

 the second-brood (Pfutzner) ; singly in May at Schilling, in Posen 

 (Schultz), at Glogau (Zeller) ; occurs throughout Silesia in May and 

 June, but rarer than the second-brood in the Sprottau district, etc. 

 (Pfitzner) ; in the Kingdom of Saxony, at Rachlau, sometimes more 

 abundant than the second-brood (argiades) (Schiitze), whilst at 

 Leipzig, Gauernitz near Dresden, at Chemnitz, etc., the spring form 

 polysperchon is rarer (Ent. Ver. Iris). In Austria, polysperchon is 

 reported as very abundant in some years, but in others very rare. 

 Fritsch notes it from April 27th to May 16th, at Briinn ; it prefers 

 open meadows in Upper Austria, whilst the second-brood appears 

 to be more abundant in meadows situated in woods (Brittinger), 

 and in the Dammberg it has been noted in May up to 700 metres 

 (Himsl) ; in Lower Austria, it occurs throughout the valleys, the form 

 polysperchon in some places near Vienna in swarms (Rossi) ; occurs in May 

 on the mosses of Salzburg and on the Glockner (Richter), and in the 

 Tyrol up to 4300ft., in the neighbourhood of Innsbruck (Hinterwaldner); 

 occurs rarely in the Lavantthal (Hofner). In Hungary, Aigner- 

 Abafi evidently refers the name to all small examples, and records 

 it as occurring in the 1st and 3rd generations. He notes as localities 

 Budapest, Nagyvarad, Arad, Szegedin, Pecs, Sopron, Pozsony, Tav- 

 arnok, Kocs6cz, Golniczbanja, Eperjes, Kassa, Nagyag, Rea, Ujsze- 

 ged. Grund (Int. Ent. Zeits., ii., p. 70) states that, near Agram, 

 the polysperchon form occurs somewhat commonly from the com- 

 mencement of April to the end of May, whilst the summer brood 

 occurs from the end of June into September. One suspects that 

 many of the French records for polysperchon are possibly referable 

 to E. alcetas, as some French entomologists long confounded the 

 two, but it is clear that the records from Ain — Fernex, April 25th, 

 1903 (Drexler) ; the Basses-Alpes — Digne (Rowland-Brown) ; Basses- 



