160 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



Hewits., " Gen. Diurn. Lep.," ii., p. 495 (1852); Led., " Verh. zool.-bot. Gesell.," 

 ii., p. 20 (1852); Wallgrn., " Skand. Dagf.," p. 206 (1853); Gerh., " Mon. 

 Schmett.," p. 13, pi. xxiii., figs. 2a-c (1853); Koch. " Schmett. Deutsch.," p. 31 

 (1856); Speyer, " Geog. Verbr.," i., p. 233(1858) ; Hamb., "Cat. Lep. And.," p. 37 

 (1858); Dbldy., " Syn. List," 2nd ed., p. 2 (1859); Staud., " Cat.," 1st ed., p. 4 

 (1861) ; Rossi.. " Lep. Nass.," p. 15 (1866) ; SnelL, " De Ylin.," i., p. 60 (1867) ; 

 Berce, "Faun, Franc," i., p. 133 (1867); Nolck., "Lep. Fn. Estl.," i., p. 54 

 (1868); Nevvm., "Brit. Butts.," p. 119, fig. 40 (1871); Staud., "Cat.," 2nd ed., 

 p. 10 (1871); Mill., "Cat. Lep. Alpes-Mar.," p. 102 (1872); Bang-Haas, "Nat. 

 Tids.," 3rd ser., ix., p. 395 (1874) ; Curd, " Bull. Soc. En't. It.," vi., p. 110 (1874); 

 Cuni-y-Mart., "Lep. Bare," p. 20 (1874); Sand, "Lep. Ber. Auv.," p. 6 (1879); 

 Frey, "Lep. Schweiz," p. 14 (1880); Peyerim., "Lep. Als.," p. 23 (1880) ; Rossi., 

 "Lep. Wiesb.," p. 29 (1881); Schoyen, " Ent. Tids.," iii., pp. 34, 100 (1882); 

 Lang, « Butts. Eur.," p. 103 (1884); Lampa, "Ent. Tids.," vi., p. 13 (1885); Kane, 

 "Eur. Butts.," p. 36 (1885); Auriv., "Nord. Fjar.," p. 12 (1888-91); Brom., 

 "Lep. Riv.," p. 33 (1892) ; Reut., " Act. F. F. Fenn.," ix., no. 6, p. 12 (1893) ; 

 Leech, "Butts. China," ii., p. 300 (1893) ; Riihl, "Pal. Gross-Schmett.," pp. 232, 

 751 (1892-5) ; Meyr., " Handbook," etc., p. 348 (1895) ; Favre, " Lep. Val.," p. 15 

 (1899) ; Staud., " Cat.," 3rd ed., p. 77 (1901) ; Fleck, " Macr.-Lep. Ruman.," p. 

 19(1901); Lamb., "Pap. Belg.," p. 221 (1903); South, " Brit. Butts.," p. 158 

 (1906). Polyommatus, (?) *Latr., " Consid. Gen.," p. 440 (1810) ; Godt., " Enc. 

 Meth.," ix., p. 685 (1819) ; "Pap. Fr.," i., p. 217 (1821); Curt., " Brit. Ent.," 

 v., p. 8 (1824) ; Stephs., " Illus. Haust.," i., p. 93 (1828) ; "Ins. Cat.," 1st ed., 

 pt. ii., p. 25 (1829); Bdv., "Eur. Lep. Ind.," p. 11 (1829); Meig., "Eur. 

 Schmett.," ii., p. 31 (1830) ; Curt., "Cat. Brit. Ins.," p. 174 (1837); Rarnb., 

 "Faun. And.," p. 265 (1839) ; Wood, "Ind. Ent.," p. 8, pi. ii., fig. 71(1839); 

 Westd.. " Syn. Gen.," p. 88 (1840) ; Humph, and Westd., " Brit. Butts.," p. 109 

 (1841) ; Dbldy., " Syn. List.," 1st ed., p. 1 (1850) ; Stephs., "List," lsted., p. 20 

 (1850); 2nd ed., p. 18 (1856); Sta,, "Man.," i., p. 61 (1857) ; Hein., " Schmett. 

 Deutsch.," i., p. 84 (1859) ; Kirby, " Man.," p. 100 (1862) ; Rockstr., " Schmett. 

 unci Raup.." p. 41 (1869) ; Kirby, " Eur. Butts.," p. 52 (1882) ; Buckl., " Larvae," 

 i., p. 112 (1886); Dale, "Hist. Brit. Butts.," p. 79 (1890); Barr., •• Lep., Brit. 

 Isl.," i., p. 70 (1893). Cupido, fKirby, "Syn. Cat.," i., p. 357 (1871); Auriv., 

 "Bihang Svensk. Vet. Akad. Handl.," v., pp. 25-6 (1880). Argus, Latr., 

 " Hist. Nat. Cms.," iii., p 39* ( L802) ; Bdv., " Icon.," p. 58 (1832) ; Dup., " Pap. 

 Fr," supp. L. p. 389 (1832); Zett., "Ins. Lap.," p. 913 (1839). Lycaeides, 

 Hb., " Verz.." p. 69 (1816-18); Scud., " Sys. Rev.," p. 33 (1872); Grote, 

 "Schmett. Hild.," p. 41 (1897); " Proc. Sth. Lond. Ent. Soc," p. 58 (1897). 

 Zephyrus, Dalm., " Isis," p. 418 (1824). 



Scudder assumes and states (Historical Sketch, pp. 93, 252), that 

 I'Ichci/is was not used by Linne in a generic sense, and that he only 

 used the name in the plural form. The matter of this statement, 

 already alluded to (antea, p. 150), must be discussed elsewhere, but 

 after giving (Sy*t. Nat., xth ed., p. 482), the name Plebeii to the whole 

 of the " hairstreaks," " blues," " coppers," and " skippers," and sub- 

 dividing them into (1) Flebeii rurales (p. 482), and (2) Plebeii urbicolae 

 (p. 1:84), Linne prefaced his description of every species of these groups 

 with the letters " I'. /'.," writing in full, at the top of each page, the 

 names thus contracted — " Paph.io. Plebeius." Each species, there- 

 fore, had the singular form applied thereto, e.g., " /'. /'. Betulae, P. P. 

 Argus, 1 ' etc., so that Plebeius was here used quite in the modern generic 

 sense of the division next above the species. In 1764, Midler, in almost 

 similar manner, applies the name generically (Faun. Jnsec. Frid. t p. 37), 

 using PUbei.i as a group Dame exactly in the same manner as Linne, 



Probabh teams. 

 ' Schrank does nut mention this species, his argus' referring to no. 14 

 [a rgyrognovion) and not to no. l"> (aegon) in Sch'ttT., " Verz. Wien..'' but the name 

 Cupido, to include the '* coppers," "blues," and "hairstreaks," originated with 

 him. 



