PLEBEIUS ARGUS. 179 



row of the hindwings, and the penultimate basal spot = ab. basijmicta, 

 n. ab. (3) The confluence of the central lunule of the forewings with 

 the spot (or spots) directly opposite in the sudmedian row = ab. medio- 

 juncta, n. ab. We have an excellent example of the form costajuncta,. 

 captured at Clelles, July 29th, 1906, and Turner records one taken at 

 Ashdown Forest (Proc. Sth. Lond. Ent. Soc, 1895, p. 42), whilst 

 Adkin mentions a- similar one taken at Oxshott (Ent. Bee, v., p. 279), 

 and Oberthiir figures (Etudes, xx., pi. iv., fig. 61) a $ of the same 

 form from Vernet-les-Bains. The development of extra basal spots 

 would come within the limits of Courvoisier's " Forma? luxuri- 

 antes," as also would the form in which extra dots occur between 

 the discoidal lunule and submedian row, or on either side of 

 the normal spots of the latter = ab. addenda, n. ab. Sometimes 

 some of -the normal spots are absent, and the others are smaller 

 than usual ( = ab. caeca, Grund), whilst occasionally, all the spots 

 of the submedian row on both wings are absent ( = ab. extrema, 

 n. ab.), e.g., Blachier notes (in litt.) that he captured at Digne a $ 

 with only the discoidal lunules and the submarginal orange -mounted 

 chevrons left, all the spots of the submedian row being absent ; he 

 further notes a $ , taken July 7th, 1908, at Dazio Grande, without 

 ocellated spots below, the places of four dots being indicated merely by 

 a small round whitish spot. Of the obsoleta forms, Reverdin notes (in 

 litt.) four $ s in which spots six and seven of the forewings are absent. 

 He also notes a 2 that has a supernumerary spot on the forewings 

 in front of spot 1 ; this example also presents a lengthening of the 

 spot in cellule 2, and an union of the two spots of cellule lb, the two 

 united spots being converted into an oblique streak " arriere et en 

 dehors " diverging at a sharp angle from the streak in cellule 2 ; in 

 the same specimen in the hindwings the two points of cellule lb are 

 joined in the form of a streak, and the point of cellule la is 

 elongated a little, almost in the form of a comma ; these tw r o streaks 

 (in cellules la and lb) are both directed towards the base of the wing. 

 Chapman exhibited (Proc. Sth. Lond. Ent. Soc, 1907, p. 73) a 

 specimen in which the spots of the underside of the hind wing are 

 particularly well-marked, making almost a ring round the discal spot. 

 The modification of the discoidal spots on the underside of the wings, 

 is of rare occurrence; sometimes, however, they are absent in the fore- 

 wings = ab. anticoim punctata, n.ab., sometimes absent on the hindwings 

 = ab. posteroim punctata , n. ab. ; sometimes absent on all wings = ab. im- 

 punctata, n. ab. The strangest form is one in Prideaux's coll., with each 

 of the discoidal spots, beneath, heart-shaped = ab. cordata, n. ab. There 

 is considerable variation in the tint of the orange on the underside. 

 Sometimes the tint is distinctly red (rufescens, n. ab.), at other times quite 

 pale yellow (jiavescens, n.ab.), with almost every intermediate shade. The 

 orange is rarely absent on the hindwings, but frequently fails on the fore- 

 wings. In the $ s the tint is usually deeper and more pronounced than in 

 the $ s, and is, particularly, much more strongly developed on the fore- 

 wings. Zeller says that, at Bergiin, the $ s have no red band 

 on the forewings, although the ? s have this band well-developed; 

 Lowe notes that, in the $ specimens taken on the Sacro Monte, in 

 Piedmont, the red band is very broad and distinct on the hindwings, 

 yet never continued on the forewings, even faintly, its place on these 

 wings being occupied by a smoky suffusion. Individuals ara 



