228 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



Koch gives June to August, and Schenck, July and August for the 

 same district ; in May, and again in July-August, in Baden (Meess- 

 Spuler); sometimes singly end of May, but usually at end of June- 

 July, in Bavaria (Schmid). The greater number of records, however, 

 tally with ours, e.g., June 23rd to end of July, in East and West 

 Prussia (Schmidt); June, July, and August, in Pomerania (Spormann); 

 July, in Mecklenburg (Gillmer); June and July, in Hamburg (Tessien); 

 July 22nd -August 1st, in the Isle of Sylt (Werneburg); end of June 

 to early August, in the Rhine Provinces (Rothke); end of June till 

 beginning of August, in Waldeck (Speyer), and in Anhalt (Gillmer); 

 end of June and July, in Thuringia (Krieghoif); June and July, in the 

 Province of Saxony (Stange); July and August, in the Hartz 

 (Reinecke); also in the Trebnitz mountains (Doring); but June to 

 August, in Upper Lusatia (Moschler); and in the Kingdom of Saxony 

 (Ent. Ver. Iris). In Denmark it is recorded as occurring from early 

 June until early August (Bang-Haas). In Finland, it occurs from 

 June to August, but July is the chief month, and, at this time, the 

 species is very common (Federley); in Scandinavia it appears in July 

 and August (Wallengren), Strand took it from late June to mid- 

 August in the Siredal district. In Switzerland, Wheeler notes it as 

 double-brooded, occurring in May- June, and July-August, in the lower 

 parts of the country, but single- brooded only, in July and August, in 

 the mountains. Reverdin says that the earliest date at which he has 

 taken the species in the plain, was at Vengeron near Geneva, a $ on 

 May 30th, 1894, the latest, a J at Bois Taille, on August 3rd, 1905 ; 

 the earliest date in the mountains, at Schallberg, a $ , on July 8th, 

 1907 ; the latest on the Taschalp,a $ , August 27th, 1907. Rehfous, how- 

 ever, reports it as continuously-brooded near Geneva, between the end of 

 May and September (May 21st-September 1st), this idea of continuous- 

 broodedness, however, requires confirmation ; one doubts whether it 

 is in any part of Switzerland more than very partially double-brooded. 

 There appears to be little doubt of its partial double-broodedness in 

 the southern parts of Austria-Hungary, whilst it is no doubt single- 

 brooded in the more mountainous parts, e.g., double-brooded in 

 Croatia (at Agram), the first brood in May and June, the second July 

 to September (Grund); May to August in two broods, but in the moun- 

 tains July and August, in one brood only, in Carintbia (Hofner); in 

 Bohemia, June and July (Nickerl), but Fritsch says May (26th) and 

 second-brood July (2nd-21st) at Senftenberg; June and July at Brunn 

 (Schneider), but Fritsch gives May 30th-June 5th, at Brunn, May 

 12th at Kremsier, and June 8th to 21st at Neutitschein ; June and 

 July in Upper Austria (Brittinger), where again Fritsch gives May 11th- 

 June 6th (first brood), July 13th-August 25th (second brood), and 

 August 27th-October 14th, last appearance; in the mountains, June 

 and July at Heiligenblut, up to 4800ft. (Richter); from end of June 

 to mid-July, in the Styrian Ennsthales (Kiefer); early August at 

 Schluderbach (Mann). In Bulgaria and East Roumelia, it occurs 

 from May to the end of July (Rebel); in June and July, in Bosnia 

 (Elwes). The Spanish dates suggest, as a rule, a single-brood, e.g., 

 continuously from June 15th-. Inly 15th, 1908, at La Gran j a 

 (Lowe); early June at Huejar (Nicholson); in July, in Andalusia 

 (Oberthiir) ; neither do our own detailed dates (infra) suggest double- 

 broodedness, e.g., Chapman found it from mid-June to mid- July, in the 



