248 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



(Kowland-Brown); St. Gall — Weesen Marsh (Lowe); Ticino — Airolo, Fusio 

 (Blacbier), Brugnasco, Piotta (Tutt), San Martino (Knecht), Locarno (Chapman); 

 Uri — Triibsee-Alp (Keynes), Goschenen-Thal (Tutt); Valais — Dent du Midi 

 (Muschamp), Orsieres (Bethune-Baker), Simplon, Laquinthal, Useigne, Evolene, 

 Hauderes to Arolla, above Arolla (Tutt), Visp-Thal, Saas-Tbal (Jordan), Kanda, 

 Zermatt, Tascb-Alp, Scballberg, Berisal, Steinenalp, Alpienalp, Gondo (Beverdin), 

 Bellalp (Frey), Martigny, Vernayaz (Blacbier), tbe Pfynwald (Pearson), Niouc, 

 above Sion (Favre), le Bouveret, Ganter-Tbal, Steinentbal (Wheeler), Eiffel-Alp 

 (Lemann), Zmutt-Thal (Bath), near Sion (Tetley), Vald'Herens (Tasker), Binnen- 

 thal, Zinal, above Branson (Sheldon), Champery (Page); Vaud — Bex (Murray), 

 Les Avants (Bowland-Brown), St. Georges, Yeytaux and tbe Veraye Gorge 

 (Wheeler), Aigle, Sepey, Villars (Moss); Bossinieres (Tasker); Zurich — near 

 Zurich (Buhl). 



Genus : Cyaniris, Dalman. 



Synonymy.— Genus : Cyaniris, Dalm., " Vet. Ak. Handl.," pp. 63, 94 (1816); 

 Billb., "Enum. Ins.," p. 80 (1820); Vill. and Guen., "Tab. Syn. Lep. Eur.," i., p. 19 

 (1835); Tutt, "Ent. Eec," xviii., pp. 131-2 (1906); " Nat. Hist. Brit. Lep.,"viii., 

 p. 313 (1906); ix., p. 379 (1907); " Ent. Bee," xxi., p. 108 (1909). [Papilio- 

 Plebeius-] Ruralis, Bott., "Naturf.," vi., p. 20 (1775); Fab., " Sys. Ent.," p. 

 525 (1775); Esp., " Schmett. Eur.," pi. xxi., figs, la, b (1777) ; i., p. 277 (1779); 

 Bergstr., " Nomen.," ii., p. 79; iii., pp. 8, 14, 19 (1779); Goze, "Ent. Beitr.," hi., 

 pt. 2, p. 26 note, p. 55 (1780); Fab., "Spec. Ins.," ii., p. 123(1781); " Mant. 

 Ins.," ii., p. 73 (1787); Kossi, "Fn. Etrus.," ii., p. 156 (1790); Haw., "Lep. 

 Brit.," p. 48 (1803); 111., "Bossi's Fn. Etrus.," ii., pp. 247-8 (1807). Papilio, 

 Schiff., ■« Schmett. Wien," p. 182 (1775); Fuess., " Verz.," p. 31 (1775); Geoff., 

 "Fourc. Ent. Paris.," ii., p. 245 (1785); Schneid., " Syst. Beschr.," p. 269 (1787); 

 Bkh., "Sys. Beschr.," i., pp. 172, 282 (1788) ; ii., p. 119 (1789); Lang, " Verz.," 

 2nd ed., p. 56 (1789); Scriba, " Journ.," p. 119 (1791); Bkh., "Bhein. Mag.," i., 

 p. 283 (1793) ; Lewin, " Ins. Gt. Brit.," p. 80, pi. xxxviii., figs. 6-7 (1795) ; Hb., 

 " Eur. Schmett.," pi. lvi., figs. 267-271 (1796) ; 111., " Schmett. Wien," 2nd ed., 

 p. 264 (1801); Hffmgg., "111. Mag.," iii., p. 186 (1803); Lasp., "111. Mag.," iv., p. 

 63 (1804); Herbst, "Nat. Syst. Ins.," xi., p. 177, pi. cccx., figs. 1-3 (1804); Hb., 

 "Eur. Schmett.," text, p. 45 (1805); Ochs., " Schmett. Sacbs.," p. 306(1805); 

 "Die Schmett.," L, pt. 2., p. 14 (1808). [Hesperia-] Ruralis, Fab., "Ent. 

 Sys.," iii., pt. 1, p. 295 (1793). Cupido, Schrank, " Fn. Boica," ii., p. 210 

 (1801); Kirby, "Syn. Cat.," p. 372 (1871). Hesperia, Panz., " Schaffer's 

 Icones," 2nd ed., p. 163, pi. clxxxv., figs. 1, 2 (1804). Polyommatus, Latr., 

 11 Hist. Nat. Crust.," xiv., p. 120 (1805) ; Godt., " Enc. Meth.," ix., p. 703 (1819) ; 

 "Pap. Fr.," i., p. 224, pi. xi. sec, fig. 7, pi. xi. quart., fig. 4 (1821); Curt., 

 "Brit. Ent.," v., fol. 9 (1824); Stephs., " Illus.," Haust., i., p. 86 (1828) ; " Ins. 

 Cat.," 1st ed., ii., p. 23 (1829); Bdv., "Eur. Lep. Ind.," p. 13 (1829); Meig., 

 "Eur. Schmett.," ii., p. 6, pi. xlvi., figs. 4a-c (1830); Bamb., "Fn. And.," p. 

 274 (1839); Wood, " Ind. Ent.," p. 8, pi. ii., fig. 63 (1839); Westd., " Syn. Gen.," 

 p. 88(1840); Humph, and Westd., "Brit. Butts.," p. 102, pi. xxxi., figs. 9-11 

 (1841); Stepbs., " List," 1st ed., p. 2 (1850); 2nded., p. 17 (1856); Stn., " Man.," 

 i., p. 58 (1857); Hein., " Scbmett. Deutsch.," i., p. 73(1859); Kirby, " Man.," 

 p. 110 (1862); " Eur. Butts.," p. 46 (1882);" Dale, "Hist. Brit. Butts.," p. 56 

 (1890) ; Barrt., "Lep. Brit. Id.," i., p. 94, pL xiv., figs. 2-2b (1893). Lycaena, 

 Oken, " Lehrb.," ii., p. 718 (1815); Leach, " Edin. Enc," ix., pt. 1, p. 130 (1815); 

 Ochs., "Die Scbmett.," iv., p. 25 (1816); Sam., "Ent. Comp.," p. 242 (1819); 

 Koll., " Verz. Scbmett. Oestr.," p. 8 (1832); Bdv., " Gen. et Ind. Metb.," p. 12 

 (1840) ; Neust. and Korn., " Scbmett. Scbles.," pt. 1, p. 44, pi. xx., fig. 65 (1842); 

 H.-Sch., " Sys. Bearb.," i., p. 116 (1843); Evers., •« Fn. Volg.-Ural.," p. 44 (1844); 

 Dup., "Cat. Meth.," p. 31 (1844); Freyer, " Neii. Beitr.," v., p. 155, pi. ccccli., 

 fig. 4 (1845); Nick., "Lep. Fn. Bobm.," p. 18 (1850); Hdnrcb., "Lep. Eur. 

 Cat.," p. 13 (1851); Meyer-Diir, "Schmett. Scbweiz," p. 89 (1851); Westd. and 

 Hew., " Gen. Diurn. Lep.," ii., p. 492 (1852) ; Led., "Verb, zool.-bot. Gesell.," 

 ii., p. 19 (1852); Wllgrn., " Skand. Dagf.," p. 238 (1853); Gerb., " Mon. 

 Schmett.," p. 9, pi. xiii., figs. 4a-c (1853); Monet., "Cat. Mus. Pet.," p. 57 

 (1855) ; Koch, " Schmett. Deutsch.," p. 27 (1856) ; Bamb., " Cat. Lep. And.," p. 

 42 (1858); Speyer, " Geog. Verbr.," i., p. 247 (1858) ; Dbldy., " Syn. List," 2nd 

 ed., p. 2 (1859) ; Zebr., "Lep. Krak.," p. 155 (1860) : Staud., "Cat.," 1st ed., p. 

 6 (1861); Rossi., " Schmett. Nass.," p. 16 (1866); Snell., " De Vlind.," i., p. 57 

 (1867) ; Berce, "Fn. France," i., p. 147 (1867) ; Nolck., " Lep. Fn. Estl.," i., p. 

 58 (1868); Nevvm., "Brit, Butts.," p. 133, fig. 45 (1871); Staud., "Cat.," 2nd 



