368 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



hair-base is special as usual, and placed in a dark area with several 

 ordinary, but perhaps slightly specialised, hairs. Each pad of the 

 prolegs has five hooks of varying size but generally two long and three 

 short or three long and two short. Fifth {final) instar: 8mm. to 

 13mm. long and of a rather dark green, with yellow lines, viz., dorsal 

 flange, lateral flange, sublateral flange and bases of prolegs ; these 

 lines do not descend into the incisions, and, being more or less sub- 

 cutaneous and on prominences, look as if the prominences were caused 

 by a little bundle of yellow matter placed under them; the dorsal line 

 is on the flanges of the mesothorax to the 6th abdominal segment ; 

 the lateral does not cross the front of the prothorax, but is otherwise 

 continuous, posteriorly, right round ; the sublateral row r extends from the 

 mesothorax to the 7th abdominal ; the 4th series is of course only on 

 the prolegs. The hairs have black bases, and are black above the 

 flange, but many, especially the larger ones, are pale brown below it. 

 The legs black. The head small, black, polished. In this instar the 

 larva is, generally, very like the fourth stage as regards hairs, etc. 

 The head is larger and the hooks of prolegs are seven to nine in 

 number. The hairs are still of very varying character ; the dorsal 

 flange-hairs are not longer, but thicker, than in previous instar and 

 the long ones are seven to eight in number ; the small hairs of slope 

 are from 80 to 100 in number ; there is a splendid variety of very 

 short, clubbed, balloon- and fungus-hairs around the honey-gland and 

 on the dorsum of the 8th abdominal. The spiracles have the appear- 

 ance of an inner and outer tube or cylinder connected by numerous 

 pillars. The lenticles usually have well-spiculated borders. The 

 spikes or thorns of the long hairs are small but w T ell-developed and 

 sharp. There is a further multiplication of hairs — the dorsal set has 

 8 to 10 large ones, 0'4mm. to 0'6mm. long ; there are about 150 very 

 short hairs on flange, 0*1 mm. or less in length ; the lateral flange set 

 of hairs have nearly 20 long hairs 025mm. to 0'4mm. in length ; the 

 marginal and ventral set are also very numerous and there is no 

 vacancy below the flange set. The hairs, especially the long ones, 

 have very much smaller spicules so that they look almost smooth, and 

 some of the long hairs have very little trace of spikes on their bases, 

 whilst the small hairs (on slope, etc.) have much taller bases, with 

 much smaller spikes than before, but much stronger than in the bases 

 of the long hairs. The small hairs on the slopes are generally bent — at 

 nearly a right angle in one specimen, in another they are straight and 

 a little swollen centrally so as to be spindle- or dagger-shaped ; this 

 specimen agrees w r ith previous one in the hairs, lenticles, etc., round 

 the honey-gland. The full-grown larva shows the usual double dorsal 

 flange from the 2nd thoracic to the 6th abdominal inclusive, highest 

 near the posterior margin of each segment, giving a serrated outline; 

 viewed laterally, the intermediate mediodorsal area sinks very little 

 between the two flanges. Each segment has, in its Mange-prominence, 

 a yellow mark, not reaching the front or back of the segment, yet 

 giving the impression of a continuous line; the prothorax has two 

 corresponding yellow spots in front of the plate. The absence of 

 flange 1 eminences and yellow spots on the 7th abdominal and following 

 segments, making these flat and sloping backwards to a comparatively 

 thin margin, is striking in comparison with the segments in front. 

 The lateral flange has a continuous yellow line, really continuous from 



