AGRIADES THETIS. 377 



discal area of the wing paler than the margins, and very faintly tinged 

 with indigo. 8.30 p.m. : The wings all over of a deep indigo, except 

 the disc, which is still paler ; the nervnres pale and shiny over base 

 and disc to the outer area, black in the outer portion of the wing, and 

 continued into the fringes ; the dorsum now quite blackish, the meso- 

 and metathorax quite shiny black ; the limbs and abdominal segments 

 dark fuscous. 4.0 p.m. : Wing now deep indigo-blue all over (with 

 slightest greenish tint), wings apparently puckered transversely, as if 

 pupa-case is too small — one distinct pucker at base, another across disc,, 

 another along outer area, another at apex, black marginal line now 

 looks very fine, the fringes paler than heretofore. November 15th 

 (Pupa has been in cold room without fire for two days) : Wings very 

 deep, uniform indigo-blue, with a saturated appearance. November 

 16th : Wings of a brilliant peacock-green when seen in a full light ; 

 a pale-looking air-space over middle of wing. November 17th 

 (9 a.m.) : The wings as yesterday morning ; the abdominal incisions 

 somewhat extended. 10.30 a.m. : The imago emerged, and after a. 

 little help, owing to apex of one forewing being held by pupal skin, 

 it expanded into a well-developed, though small, specimen (Tutt). [Dr. 

 Chapman's account {infra) deals fully with the final changes.] Wbem 

 newly-changed (and for a few days afterwards) the head, appendages, 

 and wings are quite transparent, and seem filled with a paleyellowish- 

 ochreous fluid. They do not become darker or more solid as a matter 

 of pupal maturation, but, as the imago within develops, they become 

 whitish and opaque, the eyes becoming brown. The rest of the pupa 

 is darker, and, though very delicate, looks more solid ; it is greenish 

 (in one specimen the thorax is ochreous) with darker brownish dorsal 

 and lateral lines on the abdomen, and, in one specimen, with a brownish 

 shade representing oblique lines. As the emergence approaches, the 

 wings lose their liquid, transparent appearance, and gradually become 

 dense and of a creamy tint, with darkening of the eye-spots, and some 

 darkening of the thoracic region dorsally. The margin beyond 

 "Poulton's line" is of a slightly different tint from that within it, so- 

 that it -becomes very obvious. Darkening continues till, at length,, 

 the whole pupa is almost black, and the colour of the wings is evident 

 enough to distinguish $ s from $ s. One curious circumstance is that 

 the dark marks on the fringes are very obvious, but, instead of being 

 radial from the wing-margin, they radiate from the point, about mid- 

 way along the hind-margin of the wing, where it crosses the 4th-5th 

 abdominal incision, passing from the 5th to the 4th abdominal, and 

 looking as if the hind -margins were puckered together. The antennae 

 are also very evident within the transparent antenna-cases, and their 

 tips are seen to be nearly 1mm. from the ends of the cases, the 

 terminal portion of the latter being to this extent vacant. Some few 

 hours before emergence, the incision? between the 2nd and 7th abdominal 

 segments are extended, showing as whitish lines ; those incisions that 

 are free ventrally, viz., 4th-5th, 5th-6th, and (less) 6th-7th, are 

 more marked than those behind the wings 2nd- 3rd, 3rd-4th. It 

 is to be noted that the pupa, after getting very dark, but showing 

 something of blue in $ , and fringes white, becomes paler by the 

 stretching of the abdominal segments and opening of the incisions, 

 which look whitish. This change occurs some time within the 

 24 hours preceding emergence; if it take place early in the morning, 



