290 ANACANTHINI. 



of Ireland, evinced by my obtaining them at all seasons of the year. On the 

 coasts of Down and Antrim they are chiefly taken in our sheltered bays, where I 

 have no doubt they breed." 



For the one figured, life size, I am indebted to C. Jackson, Esq., Honorary 

 Director of the Southport Aquarium. The largest I have obtained, 8^ inches 

 in length, came from the coast of Sussex. 



b. No barbel below chin. 

 5. Gadus merlangus, Plate LXXXIL 



Secunda asellorum species, Rondel, ix, c. 10, p. 276 ; Gesner, pp. 85, 99. 

 Asellus candidus primus, Schonev. p. 17. Asellus minor alter, Aldrov. iii, c. 3, 

 p. 287. Asellus mollis major, Willugbby, p. 170, t. L. M. i, no. 5 ; Rutty, Dublin, 

 i, p. 355 ; Ray, Syn. p. 55. Gadus, p. Artedi, Syn. sp. 34, no. 1, Spec. p. 62, no. 1, 

 Genera, p. 19, no. 1 ; Gronov. Zooph. no. 316. Blege, Strom, Sondm. i, p. 270. 

 Callarias, Klein, Pise. Miss, v, p. 8, no. 3, t. iii, f. 2. Whiting, Pennant, Brit. 

 Zool. (Ed. 1776) iii, p. 190 (Ed. 1812) iii, p. 255 ; Low, Fauna Oread, p. 197; 

 Merlan, Dnhamel, Peches, ii, Sect, i, p. 128, pi. xxii, f. 1. 



Gadus merlangus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 438; Bloch, Fische Deuts. ii, p. 161, 

 t. lxv ; Bonn. Atl. Ich. p. 48, pi. xxix, f. 105 ; Gmel. Linn. p. 1167 ; Shaw, Zool. 

 iv, p. 144; Lacep. ii, p. 424 ; Bi. Schn. p. 9 ; Donovan, Brit. Fishes, ii, p. 36; 

 Turton, Brit. Fauna, p. 91 ; Faber, Fische Isl. p. 93 ; Fries and Eks. Skand. 

 Fische, p. 81, t. xviii ; Cuv. Regne Anim. 111. Poiss. pi. cvi, f. 2 ; Nilsson, Skand. 

 Fauna, iv, p. 553 ; Kroyer, Dan. Fiske, ii, p. 83, c. fig. ; Gronov. ed. Gray, 

 p. 132 ; Giinther, Catal. iv, p. 334 ; Schlegel, Dieren Neder. p. 75, pi. viii, f . 2 ; 

 Steind. Ich. Span. u. Port, 1868, p. 37 ; Collett, Norges Fiske, p. 108 ; Mcintosh, 

 Fish. St. Andrew's, p. 178; Winther, Ich. Dan. Mar. p. 29; Moreau, Poiss. 

 France, iii, p. 239. 



Merlangus vulgaris, Fleming, Brit. Anim. p. 195 ; Jenyns, Manual, p. 445 

 Yarrell, Brit. Fishes (Ed. 1) ii, p. 166, c. fig. (Ed. 2) ii, p. 244 (Ed. 3) i, p. 548 

 Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. 1837 (2) i, p. 411 ; Swainson, Fishes, ii, p. 300 

 Johnston, Berwick. Nat. Club, 1838, i, p. 173; Parnell, Wern. Mem. vii, p. 342 

 and Fish. Firth of Forth, p. 182 ; Thompson, Natural Hist. Ireland, iv, p. 182 

 White, Catal. p. 90. 



Merlangus linnei, Malm, p. 485. 



Whiting, Couch, Fish. Brit. Isles, iii, p. 74, pi. cxl. 



B. vii, D. 13-16/18-23/19-21, P. 19, V. 6, A. 30-35/20-24, C. 28, Vert. 23/31. 



Length of head 4 to 4j, of caudal fin 6|, height of body 5J to 6 in the total 

 length. Eye — diameters 4 to 4| in the length of the head, 1|- diameters from the 

 end of the snout, and 3/4 to 1 diameter apart. Interorbital space nearly fiat. 

 Snout conical, slightly projecting over the upper jaw, which latter is a little 

 longer anteriorly than the mandible : the maxilla reaches posteriorly to beneath 

 the middle of the eye. A row of from six to eight pores is present along the 

 lower surface of the mandible. No barbel beneath the chin. Teeth — cardiform, 

 with some larger ones intermixed in the lower jaw, the outer row enlarged in the 

 upper jaw, in a semilunar patch upon the vomer, none on the palatines or tongue. 

 Fins — first dorsal somewhat triangular, it commences opposite the first third of 

 the pectoral, its second and third rays the longest, equalling the length of the 

 base of the fin, the last ray very short. A short interspace between the bases 

 of the first and second dorsal fins, the third ray the longest, and equal to about 

 half the length of the base of the fin. A short interspace between the second and 

 third dorsal fins, which latter does not quite reach the base of the caudal. First 

 anal fin commences beneath the middle of the first dorsal fin and terminates 

 beneath the end of the second dorsal : the second anal and third dorsal fins 

 similar. Caudal with a square or slightly emarginate extremity. Ventrals 

 inserted on the throat some little distance before the base of the pectoral, which 

 latter rather exceeds half the length of the head. Scales — small and cj-cloid. 



