Geographic Notes 



265 



Tanganyika and the waters west of it 

 belonged to the baain of the Kongo and 

 and not to the Nile. 



But of more practical value than the 

 determination of the question of the 

 headwaters of this river was the open- 

 ing up to the commerce of the world of 

 the densely populated countries along 

 the banks of the Kongo and its tributa- 

 ries. Stanley realized the rich com- 

 merce that could be developed among 

 the millions of Africans. He forced 

 Europe to his way of thinking, and 

 more than any other individual precipi- 

 tated the partition of Africa. He was 

 chosen to be the first organizer and ad- 

 ministrator of the Kongo regions, where 

 in five years he introduced order and 

 government. He lived to see railways 

 and telegraph lines built and steamers 

 whistling in the wilderness he opened, 

 and an annual commerce amounting to 

 $20,000,000 for the Kongo territory 

 alone. 



In 18S7 Stanley started to cross Africa 

 again, this time from west to east, to 

 relieve Emin Pasha. After leaving the 

 Kongo he forced his way through a vast, 

 almost impenetrable, forest, and saw 

 the pigmies discovered by Du Chaillu 

 twenty-five years before, and the Moun- 

 tains of the Moon. 



MAR OF THE WORLD ON THE EQUIV- 

 ALENT PROJECTION 



LOOKING at the ordinary map of 

 the world on Mercator's projection, 

 one would imagine that Canada was 

 twice the size of the United States, when 

 as a matter of fact it is only slightly 

 larger. Similarly Siberia and all lands 

 distant from the equator are vastly ex- 

 aggerated to the eye on Mercator's pro- 

 jection. Hence a large and convenient 

 wall map of the world, that will give 

 each country, whether on the equator 

 or in the arctics, in true proportion is 

 welcome, specially in these days when 

 there is so much desire to compare the 

 enormous recent territorial expansion 



of the powers. Such a map, giving the 

 areas of all lands in true proportion, 

 has just been published by C. S. Ham- 

 mond Co. , of New York. The map is 

 3 feet 8 inches by 5 feet and in 7 colors. 

 The projection used was invented by 

 Prof. C. B. Mollweide, in 1805. It is 

 an equal-surface projection in which 

 the entire surface of the earth is repre- 

 sented inclosed within an elliptic out- 

 line, whose major and minor axes rep- 

 resent the equator and central meridian 

 respectively with a ratio of 2 to 1 . The 

 parallels are straight lines, and the me- 

 ridians, ellipses, and each zone or sub- 

 division of the projection is in due pro- 

 portion to the corresponding area on the 

 sphere. The distances of the parallels 

 from the equator line are computed from 

 the formula characteristic of the pro- 

 jection. The meridians are placed 15 

 degrees apart. 



The map published by C. S. Ham- 

 mond Co. has four insert maps, each 

 11 by 8 inches — Asia, Europe, United 

 States, and the world on Mercator's pro- 

 jection. It contains an index of the 

 principal countries, giving the area and 

 population, and an index of the islands 

 and of the principal cities. The Amer- 

 icas occupy the center of the map. The 

 price of the map is $5.00, mounted on 

 rollers and backed with cloth. 



PEARY'S PLANS FOR HIS POLAR 

 EXPEDITION 



COMMANDER R. E. PEARY, 

 U. S. N., is making arrange- 

 ments to send an auxiliary ship to the 

 Arctic this summer, going as far north 

 as Etah and Cape Sabine (79 degrees 

 north latitude). The ship will place a 

 depot of coal, and Commander Peary 

 will make arrangements with the Whale 

 Sound Eskimos to collect meat and va- 

 rious provisions for the use of his North 

 Polar expedition during the year 1905. 

 The auxiliary ship will go north about 

 the first of July and return about the 

 first of September. The itinerary of 



