416 THE CALIFORNIA AND NEVADA BOUNDARY 



thus been able to settle one of the most important geographical problems 

 that awaited solution in that region. He also traveled west across the 

 northern part of Ellesmere Land, which has never before been penetrated 

 for any distance, and visited its west coast, joining his survey of the shore- 

 line with the short bit of the coast further north, which Lockwood, of 

 the Greely expedition, discovered in May, 1883. This is the first time 

 that any part of this coast has been seen south of the inlet visited by Lock- 

 wood. In his various sledge journeys up the channel from the Wind- 

 ward 1 s position, Peary skirted the east coasts of Grinnell Land and Grant 

 Land for a distance of about 250 miles, rectifying the mapping of this 

 shoreline in some respects, and particularly the surveys of a number of 

 indentations. Fort Conger was the headquarters of the Greely expedi- 

 tion, and Peary was the first to visit the place since Greely left it, in 1883. 

 The most northern point reached by Peary was Cape Beechey, about 82° 

 north latitude. No effort to push northward has been made this sum- 

 mer, and Peary's winter camp has been established on the Greenland side 

 of Smith sound, several miles further south than his quarters of a year 

 ago. Here he has landed all the remaining provisions of the Windward 

 and all that the Diana brought him. 



The Diana reports landing the Stein party at Cape Sabine and leaving 

 them in good spirits for a winter in Ellesmere Land. The hunting party 

 led by Russell W. Porter, of Boston, left the ship at various points on 

 the Greenland coast and secured a number of walrus, reindeer, and other 

 game, most of which was added to Peary's stores. Sverdrup in the Fram 

 was frozen in near Cocked Hat island, ten miles west of Cape Sabine, 

 where he wintered about 50 miles south of the point reached by Peary. 

 Sverdrup planned this summer to work his ship up Kennedy channel, 

 leaving the Fram at some point along the coast for a sledge trip across or 

 around the northern end of Greenland. 



THE CALIFORNIA AND NEVADA BOUNDARY 



The oblique boundary between California and Nevada, which lies 

 between the intersections of the 39th parallel of latitude with the 120th 

 meridian and the 35th parallel of latitude with the Colorado river, a dis- 

 tance of about 400 miles, was retraced and temporarily marked by the U. S. 

 Coast and Geodetic Survey between the years 1893 and 1899, the work 

 being advanced from time to time as money was available for that purpose. 



The line passes over very rough country, varying in altitude from 750 

 feet at the Colorado river to 13,000 feet at the White mountains. The 

 lofty elevations made it possible to obtain some very long sights, the max- 

 imum being 68.8 miles, between the Sweetwater mountains (10,500 feet) 

 and the White mountains. There were two other sights over 60 miles 

 in length. The line was ranged out with a theodolite, beginning at Lake 

 Tahoe and running to the southeast. In order to put points in the line 

 at long distarices, heliotropes, with a suitable code of signals, were used. 

 The termini, both at Lake Tahoe and on the Colorado river, were estab- 



