SECOND WELLMAN EXPEDITION 513 



together with some account of the meteorology of the year spent 

 in the Arctic regions, will form the subject of a separate paper. 

 Through the courtesy of the Chief of the Weather Bureau, the 

 instrumental equipment of the expedition was made as complete 

 as possible within the short time available. It consisted of stand- 

 ard wet and dry thermometers, self- registering maximum and 

 minimum thermometers, aneroid barometers, a barograph, a 

 thermograph, an anemometer, and a water thermometer. 



The observations ma}' be divided into three series, viz.. those 

 made on shipboard, in camp, and in the field. 



The observations on shipboard began June 27, 1898, the day 

 following our departure from Tromso. They were made thrice 

 daily, as nearly as possible at 7 a. m., 2 p. m., and 9 p. m., local 

 time, the ship's position being duly noted. Each observation 

 consisted of readings of the dry and wet bulb thermometers, 

 water thermometer, salinometer, aneroid barometers Nos. 1134 

 and 1135, giving the atmospheric pressure in inches, and of the 

 ship's barometer, indicating the pressure in millimeters, wind 

 velocit} r , as indicated by an anemometer erected on the ship's 

 bulwark, allowance being made for the speed of the ship, which, 

 however, was very slow. In addition to the foregoing, observa- 

 tions were made as to the direction of the wind, the amount of 

 cloudiness, and the kind and direction of clouds. This series of 

 observations extended in aline from near North Cape to Vardo, 

 Norway, thence to Archangel, which point was reached July 4; 

 thence northward to about latitude 77° 54' N., longitude 44° 58' 

 E., at which point the ship turned southward on Jul_v 11, re- 

 turning to Vardo, and from Vardo northward again, July 17, 

 reaching Cape Flora, Franz Josef Land, latitude 77° 56' 27" N., 

 longitude 49° 42' 18" E., on July 28, and then, finally, eastward 

 to Cape Tegetthoff, latitude 80° Q' N., longitude 57° 54' E., reach- 

 ing the latter point on August 3, on which date the expedition 

 ship began her return voyage to Norway. 



During this voyage the southernmost occurrence of ice was 

 noted in the course of the night of June 28, latitude 69° 20' N., 

 longitude 35° 00' E. It consisted, however, of but small pieces. 

 The highesl temperature was recorded at Archangel, viz., 77° 

 K., July 1. But, in general, the temperature recorded in the 

 Bouthern part of Barents sea varied from 53° to 43° F., gradually 

 sinking to from 37° to 32° F. along the southern coast of Franz 

 Josef hand. The salinometer indicated the salinity of the sea 

 to vary but little from 27 per cent, while in the White sea it 



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