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The National Geographic Magazine 



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tied several feet. A second strong but 

 shorter shock was felt about three hours 

 later, but as a vast conflagration was al- 

 ready sweeping the city the damage done 

 by this after-quake was apparently not 

 recorded. The city hall, situated a mile 

 and a half from the east water front, was 

 ruined, although it seems to have been 

 the last building in this direction to re- 

 ceive serious injury. 



Outside of San Francisco the principal 

 damage is reported from a strip of 

 country extending from the town of 

 Ukiah, on the Russian River, 125 miles 

 north of San Francisco, to the town of 

 Salinas, near Monterey Bay, 80 miles 

 south of the ruined metropolis. North and 

 south of these limits, however, the country 

 is for some distance sparsely settled and 

 may have been vigorously shaken with- 

 out the fact being reported. The belt of 

 maximum disturbance is approximately 

 parallel with the great faults of the 

 region and includes the Bay of San Fran- 

 cisco and the rich Russian. River, 

 Sonoma, Santa Clara, Salinas, and San 

 Benito valleys. Santa Rosa, the prin- 

 cipal town of Sonoma County, was prac- 

 tically destroyed, and the smaller towns 

 of Healdsburg, Cloverdale, and Ukiah 

 to the north were badly damaged. Oak- 

 land, on the east side of the bay opposite 

 San Francisco, apparently suffered some 

 destruction in its business section, but, be- 

 ing mainly a city of frame dwellings, it 

 escaped general demolition. The shock 

 on this shore of the bay, however, was 

 apparently heavy. The ground is said to 

 have opened in some places, although the 

 long moles of the Southern Pacific Com- 

 pany, built out into the bay by filling, 

 seem strangely enough to have been un- 

 injured. Many important buildings in 

 Berkeley were destroyed, but the build- 

 ings of the University of California, 

 standing on high ground, escaped. On 

 the north shore of Suisun Bay part of the 

 track of the Southern Pacific, laid on 

 marsh, subsided several feet. A similar 

 subsidence is reported from Alviso, a 

 town at the south end of San Francisco 

 Bay. The Santa Clara Valley suffered 



