LERNSEOCERA CYPRINACEA. 155 



drical and rather long. The length of the whole 

 animal is about eight lines." 



" Hab. — Found on the sides of the carp, bream, 

 and roach in many of our ponds and rivers in great 

 abundance " (Barbut). " I have not seen any specimens 

 of this species " (Baird, ' Entomostraca,' pp. 343, 344). 



As we have not been able to obtain specimens of this 

 Lernseocera, Dr. Baird's description and remarks are here 

 reproduced. Fig. 5 on PI. L is also reproduced from his 

 work. 



Dr. Baird does not include Hermann's Lernsea esocina in 

 his list of synonyms, but seems to regard it as a different 

 species. He says : " Linnaeus was the first who noticed any 

 of the animals belonging to this genus. In his ' Fauna 

 Suecica,' 1746, he describes a species found in Sweden on a 

 carp; a species which Barbut, in 1783, ascertained to be 

 British. Hermann also, in 1783, describes and figures another 

 species, and several have since that time been added to the 

 list. . . . The genus, as established by Blainville, con- 

 tains two species, which have been separated from it by 

 Kroyer and M. Edwards ; but still it has been retained in a 

 restricted sense by all succeeding authors." M. Edwards 

 apparently recognizes the two species, Lemeocera cyprinacea 

 and L. esocina j* Kruyer (1863) on the other hand does not 

 mention either, but records Lernseocera phoxinacea Kollar, 

 and describes two n. spp. from American waters. 



Linnaeus, after giving a brief description of his Lernsea 

 cyprinacea, adds, " Habitat in Piscinus frequens supra corpus 

 Cyprini carassii"t; and Pennant, in speaking of Cyprinus 

 carassius, which he also calls the " Crucian Carp," says " it is 

 common in many of the fish-ponds about London and other 

 partsof the south of Englandbut I believeis not a native fish. "X 



From the remarks of Dr. Baird it is evident that the 

 Lernsea recorded by Barbut is the species described by 

 Linnaeus, and that it also was found parasitic on fishes 

 belonging to the Cyprinidae ; probably on the ' f Karauschen " 

 or crucian carps, which were according to Pennant common 

 at that time in many tisli-ponds about London. 



Nordmann in 1SS- records a Lernseocera cyprinacea, five 

 specimens of which were found "in der unteren Kinnlade des 

 Hechtes," or fresh-water pike, Esox lucius, a kind of fish very 



* ' Hist. nat. Crust.,' vol. iii (1840), p. 527. 



t ' Systoma Xatunv,' c<l. xii, vol. i, pars ii, p. 1093 (1767). 



X 'British Zoology,' vol. iii, p. 364 (1776). 



