LERNiEENJCUS ENCKASICOLA. 159 



tissues at the anterior end of the dorsal fin. On dissecting 

 one of the specimens out, it was found that the head of it had 

 penetrated into the visceral cavity" (A. Scott).* 



M. Marcel Baudoin, in his article on the parasites of the 

 sardine,t describes under the name of Lernseenicus sardines 

 a form which he has found adhering to this Clupeoid. There 

 is, as stated by Aflalo, a British Pilchard-fishery on the south- 

 west coast,J and the same fish has occasionally been captured 

 in Scottish waters, § but no British specimen of this Lernseenicus 

 has yet been observed. Though, however, many pilchards 

 are captured each season, this Lernseenicus if present may be 

 easily missed, or mistaken for the more common L. sprattse. 

 One of the more obvious characters of the species being the 

 shape of the head, as this is buried in the tissues of the 

 host, sometimes at the side of the eye as in Lernseenicus 

 sprattse and sometimes near the dorsal fin, it is only by careful 

 dissection that it can be obtained for examination. The neck 

 next the head is extremely slender, and therefore the external 

 portion of the parasite is easily broken off, while the head 

 remains entirely concealed. 



Genus 33. TRIPAPHYLUS Bichiardi, 1878 



Syn. Lemeonema, P. J. van Beneden (in part). 



Female. — Body greatly elongated, slender, non- 

 segmented. Head rounded and provided with stiff 

 cartilaginous horns. Thorax very slender, forming 

 an elongated neck. Genito-abdominal segment narrow 

 at the proximal end but becoming enlarged posteriorly 

 and furnished with two long and slender distal pro- 

 cesses. Antennules and other cephalic appendages 

 somewhat similar to those of Lernseenicus. 



Midr. — Body divided into two nearly equal portions ; 

 the anterior portion large and carrying three pairs of 

 appendages; the cephalon rather obscurely defined, 

 and the abdomen not so robust as the cephalo-thoracic 

 portion. The cephalothoracic appendages also some- 

 what rudimentary. 



* ' Report for 1900 on the Lancashire Sea- Fisheries Laboratory at the 

 University of Liverpool, and the Sea-fish Hatchery at Piel,' No. xv, p. 94. 



f " Les parasites de la Sardine," 'Revue scientifique,' o J ser., vol. iii, No. 

 28, p. 715. with text-figures (1905). 



+ 'Natural History i Vertebrates) of the British Isles," p. 398 (1898). 



« 'Fishes of the Firth of Forth,' by Dr. Parnell, pp. 320-322 (1838). 



