LASIOCAMPA QUERCUS. 45 



and other joints is similar, and so is the scaling. The colour 

 is pale, corresponding with that of the insect generally. The great 

 difference between the antennae of the two sexes is in the com- 

 paratively small size of the plumules forming the pectinations in 

 the $ . In the latter, these gradually increase in size through the 

 first 10 or 12 joints, and diminish, but much less markedly, in 

 the last 10 or 20, but chiefly in thickness, maintaining a fair length 

 up to the tip. It is not uncommon to find them irregular in the 

 later joints, the segments carrying more or less than two plumules 

 of irregular shapes, and being themselves larger or shorter than is 

 due to their position, but with a tendency, or perhaps due to a 

 tendency, for joints to fuse together. In the main part of the shaft 

 of the antenna, the two plumules arise (as in the $ ) from the 

 inner lower aspect of each segment, the origins not quite touching 

 each other, and occupying about half the length of the segment; 

 their direction is at an angle of about 45 to the direction of the 

 antennal shaft, and of about 8o° or 90 to each other. In length 

 they are about 1*3 times the length of an antennal segment, or 

 about o*35mm. ; they are fusiform in shape, o'^mm. in diameter 

 at their origin, o'^mm. rather before the middle, and then taper 

 to "the extremity; they terminate in a spine or strong bristle about 

 o'o8mm. long, which is in line with the plumule, and, in fact, 

 completes its fusiform outline, assisted by two and sometimes three 

 more hair-like bristles, of much the same length as the spine. The 

 general surface of the plumules is covered with very small hairs 

 rather closely set, about o'oiram. in length, with a few fine hairs 

 rather longer ; there is also on the outer aspect of each plumule a 

 hair-like bristle, like the supporting ones at the tip, at about the 

 middle of its length {in litt.). 



Gynandromorphism. — Few species have more recorded gynan- 

 dromorphous examples than this, and yet a great number undoubtedly 

 exist in collections that have not been recorded. Thus we met with 

 the first 4 described hereunder in Webb's collection only one of which 

 appears previously to have been recorded. Those we have noted are 

 as follows : 



a. Antennae male, abdomen male,- almost entirely male hindwings ; fore- 

 wings female in shape and almost female in coloration and scaling (From 

 Gregson coll.). 



(3. Right antenna, right side of thorax, right pair of wings, all female; left 

 antenna, left side of thorax and left pair of wings all male ; the abdomen apparently male. 



■) . Antennae male, general size and build of male, abdomen male ; fore- and 

 hindwings distinctly female, with base of hindwings rather dark coloured (From 

 Bond coll.). 



d. Antennae intermediate (but nearer male), shape intermediate, wings 

 rounded (as if a large ? had the forewings drawn in), the costa of the forewings 

 for about one-third their length male in appearance, rest of forewings of female 

 coloration ; the hindwings male with longitudinal streaks of female colour ; abdomen 

 intermediate (From the Hopley collection). [This would appear to be the example 

 exhibited by Bond at the meeting of the Ent. Soc. of London, Feb. 3rd, 1868, 

 and described as having the colour of both sexes in longitudinal bands on the wings.] 



t. <? right, ? left ; incompletely gynandromorphous, body and antennae ? ; 

 right wings male, the forewing in the middle area from the base outwards narrow 

 towards the outer margin, broadly yellow-spotted, the hindwing only towards the 

 outer margin from the middle onwards with an uniformly broad yellow stripe, 

 underside bright yellow. Left side ? ; on the outer margin of hindwing two brown 

 spots, not visible beneath. In Vienna Museum. From Mazzola's collection (vide 

 Ochsenheimer, Die Schmett., iv., p. 190). 



