12 BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA. 



distinct greyish appearance ; the hindwings are usually quite reddish or 

 reddish-brown and typical. This group appears also to include the 

 British examples usually referred to var. u/edicaginis. 



Ground colour reddish-brown, 

 i. All the wings unicolorous red-brown with both the transverse lines obsolete 

 in the forewings of both sexeszzzab. iberica, 'Gn. 



2. Red-brown, with the basal line of forewings obsolete in both sexes=rab. 

 unilinea-typica, n. ab. 



3. Red-brown, with ill-defined transverse lines but well-marked pale longitu- 

 dinal nervures=ab. suffiisa-typica, n. ab. 



4. Red-brown, with two paler transverse lines across the forewings and more or 

 less well-defined median ba.nd-~trifolu, Esp. 



This and the succeeding group comprise the best known forms in 

 Britain and Central Europe. The tint varies from reddish-brown to a 

 really bright ferruginous-orange (two very fine 2 s of this tint in the 

 British Museum coll.). The ochreous scales are reduced to a minimum 

 and hence the grey appearance of the preceding group is, as a result, 

 unnoticeable. 



Ground colour deep foxy red-brown. 



1. All the wings uniformly unicolorous bright foxy red-brown with the mark- 

 ings obsolete— ab. obsolete- ruf a, n. ab. 



2. Bright foxy red-brown, with conspicuous transverse lines and more or less 

 well-developed median band=ab. rufa, n. ab. 



3. Bright foxy red-brown, with contracted bandrrab. contracta-rufa, n. ab. 



There are many notable aberrations intermediate between the forms 

 here named : e.g., there is one whole group in which the tendency to 

 ochreous in the fawn-grey tint is very noticeable. We have seen in 

 Webb's collection a fawn-grey 2 with red transverse lines (ab. rufo- 

 linea), the outer edged externally with paler, and with a pale basal patch, 

 other females are intermediate in colour between fawn-grey and red- 

 brown with distinct lines ; there is also much variation in the develop- 

 ment of the pale basal patch, both in the width and general brightness, 

 as also in the direction of the outer transverse line. The depth of the 

 colour of the hindwings is also, in the red-brown forms, extremely 

 variable. Considerable differences in size also exist ; we have given 

 some average measurements under the head of sexual dimorphism, 

 but Agassiz notes an extremely small aberration of only 36 mm. 

 expanse (=ab. //////or, n. ab.). Gregson notes two females as of a rich 

 deep red-brown colour, and having the usual curved marking almost 

 obliterated, evidently of the obsoleta-rufa form. From the Scilly Isles 

 Adkin notes specimens varying from the type as follows : (1) White 

 discal spot with tendency to enlargement and elongation, becoming 

 wedge-shaped. (2) A male of distinctly female coloration. (3) A pale 

 female, especially pallid from line on forewing to margin. Rambur 

 notes (Cat. Lip, A/idalo/isic, p. 358) : " Trifolii is variable in markings 

 and colour, also in the form and width of the wings, especially in the 

 case of the females, which differ also in the form and quantity of scales 

 and hairs with which the wings are covered." He states that he "has 

 a specimen of var. codes in which the outer part of the forewings is 

 entirely covered with scales, whilst in others, as the var. iberica, 

 especially abundant at Paris and in central France, these parts of 

 the forewings present more hairs than scales and are everywhere 

 sparsely covered, sometimes also the scales are erect and curved at the 

 tips. The species is very common around Cadiz and Malaga, where 



