LASIOCAMPA QUERCUS. 67 



the male has the transverse band on the hindwings entirely yellow and ex- 

 tending to the margin without the reddish border, whilst in the female the 

 ground colour is reddish, not yellow. The ? is not larger than the <? (Trim- 

 oulet). — Distribution. Austro - Hungary : Tyrol (Staudinger). France: Dept. 

 Gironde (Trimoulet), Nice (Agassiz), Rennes (Oberthur), Rouen, Saintes 

 (Dupont), Haute-Garonne — La Croix, Falgarde, with the type (Caradja), Aude 

 (Mabille), Auvergne (Sand), nr. Autun (Constant). Germany: south (Staudinger). 

 Italy : [Sicily (Alina - Palumbo) ; requires confirmation, possibly var. sicula], 

 Roman Campagna, Boscolungo (Calberla), northern Italy (Curd). Portugal: north 

 (Staudinger). Spain: Bilbao (Seebold). Switzerland: Martigny, Fully, &c. 

 (Favre) . 



Berce describes this aberration as : " $ , having the band of the 

 hindwings completely yellow, without the red border ; 2 of the size 

 of the $ , with the ground colour tending to that of the male, 

 reddish not yellow." Staudinger erroneously refers it to roboris, 

 diagnosing it as : " $ . Al. ant. fascia lata flava, al. post, margine late 

 fiavo." Hofmann says : " Male with broader yellow band, hind- 

 wings with yellow margin." Chapman observes that this form 

 stands under the name of roboris in Constant's collection. The 

 aberration must not be confounded with the russet-brown Sicilian 

 race, var. sicula, which also has the outer margin of the hindwing 

 yellow. The form has undoubtedly a wide range, occurring as a 

 rare aberration in many districts with the type. 



i. var. burdigalensis, Gerhard, " Berl. Ent. Zeits.,' 1 xxvi., p. 127 (1882); 

 Kirby, "Cat.," p. 828 (1892); Auriv., "Iris," vii., p. 150 (1894).— Very similar 

 to var. sicida, only in the latter the margin of the hindwing is entirely yellow, 

 whilst var. burdigalensls has a bright brown dusting before the yellow fringes. 

 Bordeaux (Gerhard). 



One suspects this to be very nearly identical with Trimoulet's 

 guillemotii, especially as it comes from the same district. It differs 

 from it, how r ever, in not having the yellow border extending quite to 

 the hind margin. The French and German lepidopterists frequently 

 do not seem to understand that, though var. sicida has the marginal 

 band of the hindwings widened similarly to that of ab. guillemotii, the 

 band of var. sicula is of a bright orange - yellow colour, whilst the 

 ground colour is distinctly russet-brown, and neither of the deep 

 chestnut-brown nor of the ferruginous tint that is usual in the various 

 forms of L. quercus. The whole, facies of var. sicula is very 

 distinctive. Staudinger makes burdigalensis synonymous with ab. 

 guillemotii, and quite erroneously with ab. roboris. 



k. ab. marginata, n. ab. Qiierciis, Hb., "Eur. Schmett.," fig. 270 

 (? 1800); Humph, and Westd., " Brit. Moths," i., pi. xi., fig. 13 (1843). 

 Roboris, Humph, and Westd., "Brit. Moths," i., pi. xi., fig. 9 (1843); Guenee, 

 " Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr.," (3), vi., p. 440 (1858). — Of the normal coloration, 

 but with the yellow band of both fore- and hindwangs extended to the 

 outer margin. Hubner figures (fig. 270) an excellent example of this aberration ; 

 the marginal areas are wholly concolorous, and the fringes are of the same yellow 

 colour. It is, of course, an extreme development of the characters exhibited by 

 ab. gnillemotii, in which the yellow is extended to the outer margin only in the 

 hindwings. [Humphreys and Westwood copy Hiibner's figure and call it quercus; 

 they also figure a somewhat similar one, which they call roboris.] 



X. var. sicula, Staud., "Cat. Lep. Eur.," ed. 1, p 30(1861) ; ed. 2, p. 69 (1871) ; 

 ed 3, p. 121 (1901) ; Sord., "La Farfalle," p. 121 (1885); Mina-Pal., "Nat. Sic," 

 vii., p. 331 (1888); Kirby, "Cat.," p. 828 (1892); Auriv., "Iris," vii., p. 150 

 (1894); Hofm., "G-ross-Schmett. Eur.," p. 53(1887); Tutt, "Ent. Rec," viii., p. 

 303 (1896); vol. xiii., p. 113 (1901) ; Bacot, "Ent. Rec," xiii., pp. 114 et seq. 

 (1901); Warburg, "Ent. Rec," xiii., pp 257 et seq. (1901). Spartii, Frr., " Neu. 

 Beit.," pp. 48, 177, pi. xxvi (October, 1831) ; Bdv., " Icones," p. 157, pi. lxvi., figs. 

 1—2 (1834); Treit., " Die Schmett.," x.,pt. i., 191 (exc cit. Ochs. et Hb.) (1834); Dup., 



