LASIOCAMPA QUERCUS. 79 



small, but two or three fed up rapidly in spring and pupated about mid- 

 summer, 1898; the rest spun up later; many larvae three-parts grown found July 

 nth, 1898, at Ribsdale (Lofthouse) ; imagines, bred May 29th, 1895, others captured 

 June 24th — 27th and July 10th, 1897, on heaths at Carlisle, js flying by day, ? s at 

 dusk to oviposit (F. H. Day) ; three nearly fullfed larvae, on July 7th, 1897, on 

 Sleight's Moor, and at same time a worn ? sitting on heather on open moor 

 (Ash) ; larvae nearly fullfed, on heather, May 1 8th, at Altadiawan (Kane) ; larvae, 

 May 1st, 1897, at Heswall, hybernated as pupae, imagines emerged in 1898 ; 

 other imagines captured, same locality, August 5th, 1895 (Freeman) ; ? emerged 

 June 8th, 1897, from cocoon spun by larva taken at Capel Curig (Tetley) ; bred 

 ? on July 3rd, 1897, at Boxworth, to which ordinary local males assembled freely 

 (Thornhill) ; larvae, August, 16th, 1897, at Whitby (James) ; larvae and imagines, 

 May 2 1st — 31st, 1898, at Galashiels (Haggart) ; larvae on August 25th, 1898, on 

 mts. of Dungannon (Greer); bred between June 30th — July 1 2th, 1898, from 

 Aberdeen pupae of 1897 (Adkin) ; larvae, 2—2-^- inches long, abundantly at Capel 

 Curig, June 2nd — 3rd, 1898, feeding on heather on mountain slopes, fed on plum, 

 on return to Notts, till fullfed in August, when they spun up (Pearson); imagines 

 and larvae abundant June 8th — 22nd, 1898, at Rannoch (Porritt) ; imagines, June, 

 1898, at Rannoch ; also larvae, three-quarters grown, one of which reached an 

 enormous size, and emerged in June, 1899, at Bournemouth (Cowl) ; June 1st is 

 a good average for favourable seasons at Hoy, imagines found June 2nd — 28th, 1898 

 (Cheesman) . Localities. — In Ireland, there is no county known that has been worked 

 by an entomologist where callunae does not occur (Kane) ; certainly the prevalent form 

 throughout Scotland, the northern counties of England, and the highlands of Wales ; 

 overlapping the typical form in the midlands, western, and south-western counties. 

 Aberdeen: All moors near Aberdeen (Home), Pitcaple (Reid), Pitfour (Mutch), 

 Castleton, Braemar (Traill). Anglesea (Blagg). Argyll : Common along all the 

 west coast of Scotland (Chapman), Tarbert, Lochgoilhead, Loch Fyne (Dal- 

 glish), Carradale (Ord), Kilmartin (Vaughan), Loch Riddon (Christy), Kilberry 

 (Cottingham), Duntroon (Briggs), Dunoon (Stainton). Ayr : Ayr (Fergusson), Beith 

 (J. Smith), Shewalton (Rose), Straiton (Dalglish). Brecon : Wye Valley (Vaughan), 

 Black mts. (Kane). Bute: I. of Arran, Brodick (Stainton), I. of Bute, common, 

 Cumbraes, common (Dalglish). Lamlash (Mackay). Carnarvon : Tan-y-Bwlch 

 (Arkle), Pwllheli (Nicholson), Llanwrst (Cotton). Cheshire: mosses, heaths 

 and sandhills throughout the county (Ellis), Bowdon, Carrington Moss (Edleston), 

 Heswall (Freeman). Cork: Queenstown (Bond). Cumberland: mosses around 

 Carlisle, Durdar, Todhills, Bolton Fell, Bowness (F. H. Day), Orton Moss 

 (Stephens), Penrith (Varty), Hayton Moss, Gelt Wood (Routledge), Keswick, 

 Skiddaw (Beadle). Derby: Breadsall Moor (Sheldon), Little Eaton, Derby (Hill). 

 Devon: Exmoor* (Bacot), Buckerell (Riding). Donegal: Donegal (Campbell). 

 Dorset : Portland (Forsyth). Dumbarton: Glen Mallon, Luss, Arrochar, Glen- 

 falloch, Isles of Loch Lomond (Dalglish). Dumfries : Dumfries (Lennon). Durham : 

 moors in west of county (Gardner), Bishop Auckland (Greenwell), Chopwell, 

 Marsden (Hedworth), Shull (Backhouse), Highforce (Howse), Hartlepool (Lees), 

 Darlington (Milburn). Fermanagh: Enniskillen (Allen). Flint: Overton 

 (Perkins). Gai.way : Galway (Allen), Ardrahan (Kane), Gloucester: Bristol dist. 

 (Clarke). Hants: Lyndhurst (Prout), Ringwood (Fowler). Hunts : Fens (Harding). 

 Inverness: Inverness (Barclay), Outer Plebrides, Lewis (McArthur), Skye (Christy). 

 Isle of Man: mountains and heaths (Clarke). Kerry: Killarney (Birchall). 

 Kincardine: Muchalls and coast districts (Home). Kirkcudbright: 

 Douglas (Robinson). Lanark: Lamington, Carluke (Dalglish), Steps (Orel), 

 Douglas (Mackonochie). Lancashire: mosses, heaths and sandhills throughout 

 county (Ellis), Rixton Moss (Collins), ? St. Anne's-on-Sea (Baxter), Crosby 

 (Walker), Chat Moss (Gregson), Formby (Moss), Clougha Pike, Heysham 

 Moss, Haverthwaite (Arkle), Faraway Moss (Shuttleworth). Limerick : 

 Castle Cornell (Marsden). Lincoln: Hartsholme (Cam. Londonderry: 

 Londonderry (Campbell). Merioneth : Barmouth (Imms). Capel Curig, Crafnaut 

 (Pearson). Moray: Forres (Norman). Nairn: Ardclach dist. (Thomson). North- 

 umberland : nr. Hexham, Gilsland (Nicholson), Twizell (Robson) Ridewater 

 dist. (Howse), Morpeth dist. (Finlay). Orkneys and Shetlands: abundant — Hoy, 



* McArthur notes that he has found L. quercus fairly common on Exmoor, 

 feeding on heath, the young larvae appearing early in the spring, feeding up, 

 pupating, and emerging in about the same time as the larvae do on the south 

 coast ; the imagines, however, are slightly darker than south coast specimens ; in 

 confinement the larvae readily ate sallow, whitethorn, &c, 



