C0SM0TR1CHE POTATORIA. 177 



wood, &c. (Phillips) ; in ditches and osier-beds, overgrown with 

 long grasses at Hitchin (Cottam) ; in every field, although specially 

 abundant in reed-beds and at ditchsides in the Southend and Benfleet 

 districts (Whittle) ; in reed-beds at Wisbech (Glenny) ; larvae abundant 

 in mowing hayfields in the Calne district (Eddrup); in meadows 

 at Ryde (Kaye); on the banks of streams among the ribbon-grass 

 at Emsworth (Christy) ; in damp rushy spots all round Aberfoyle 

 and the Lake of Menteith (Evans) ; lanes and grassy banks preferred 

 in Berks and Oxon (Clarke) ; quite indifferently a hedgerow and 

 woodside species in Middlesex and Norfolk (Lockyer) ; on railway 

 banks at Southgate, ditchsides bordering woods at Highgate, 

 roadside ditches at Southend, roadside hedgebanks at Arundel 

 (Williams) ; on grassy hedgebanks about Rochester and Chatham 

 (Chaney) ; on a grassy roadside at Corsemalzie (Gordon) ; on the 

 chalk downs near Chichester (Jeffery) ; on the foreshore at Lyming- 

 ton (Kaye) : on coarse grass on hedgebanks, or under bushes close to 

 seashore at Sandown (Prout) ; hedgerows, thickets, copses, and banks 

 at Dover i Stockwell) : hedgerows and sides of dykes throughout Nott- 

 inghamshire (Leivers) ; almost confined to coast districts in North- 

 umberland (Richardson) ; by the rank overgrown edges of woods 

 in the Zurich district (Riihl) ; by hedgerows, roadsides, and dry 

 wastes in the Namur district (Lambillion) ; yet very common in 

 damp places in 5 Belgium (de Selys) ; not rare along the banks of 

 the Garonne, &c. (Caradja) ; specially abundant in damp places 

 in the Netherlands ( Snellen). 



Time of appearance. — The imagines occur from late June (mid- 

 June in 1893) until late August, most abundant in July and early August. 

 Fritsch gives dates for the Vienna district from June 16th to July 24th ; 

 from July 15th to end of month in Belgium (Lambillion) ; July 21st — 

 August 6th, good average dates for the Rochester and Chatham district 

 (Chaney) ; imagines, July 4th onwards at Wilsden (Butterfield) ; larvae, 

 from May i6th-June 24th in different years from 1848-1858, imagines 

 bred in these years from June 29th — July 16th in Brighton district 

 (Merrifield) ; July 17th — 25th, 1855, July 15th — August 1st, 1870, 

 July 19th, 187 1, July 10th, 1872, July 22nd, 1873, and larvae, July 

 9th, 1867, at Marlow, imagines, July 22nd — August 3rd, 1863, 

 July 21st — August 4th, 1864, at Chertsey, July 17th, 1855, July 

 27th, 1857, at Notting Hill (Clarke) ; August 1st, 1856, at Bisterne 

 (Subs., p. 29) ; larvae, May 6th — 19th, i860, at Lee and Lewisham, 

 a long series bred from July 2nd — 27th, i860, imagines captured 

 August 12th — 1 8th, i860, at Lee, larvae from February 28th — May 

 30th, 1861, at Lee, imagines bred July 5th — 25th, 1861, larvae, June 

 1 6th, 1863, at Portscatho, larvae, April 20th — 23rd, at Lee and Abbey 

 Wood; imagines, July 14th, 1866, at Eltham, larvae, May 18th, 

 1867, at Bromley, May 23rd, 1874, at Lee, and May 13th, 1875, 

 at Balcombe, imagines on July 29th, 1875, at light, at Lee, on August 

 14th, 1879, and July 13th — 28th, at Erith, larvae, June 2nd, 1885, at 

 Lee, and imagines August 1st, 1885, at Grove Park, imagines, July 6th, 

 1889 and July 15th, 1890, at Dartford, July 26th — August 1st, imagines 

 common at Deal and Sandwich, also July 7th — 27th, 189 1, and 

 August 6th — 20th, 1892, imago on June 29th, 1893, at Bexley, larvae 

 on April 21st, 1894, at Farningham, and May 16th — 29th, commonly 

 at Tor Cross (Fenn) ; ? on wing at Lee, 20th July, 1865, larvae, 



