200 BRltlSrt LEPlfrOPTERA. 



Mart., "Cat. Lep. Bare," p. 69 (1874); Mill -> "Cat. Lep. Alp. -Mar.," p. 144 

 (1875); Curd, " Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital.," viii., p. 152 (1876); Frey, "Lep. Schw.," 

 p. 98 (1880); Lampa, '< Ent. Tids. ; " vi , p. 42' (1885); Jord., " Schm. N.-W. 

 Deutsch.," p. 96 (1886) ; Carad., "Iris," viii., p. 93 (1895); Tutt, "Brit. Moths," 

 p. 61 (1896) ; Auriv., " Xord. Fjar.," p. 65 (1889); Reutti, "Lep. Bad.," 2nd ed., 

 p. 58 (1898). Bombix, Scop.. "Introd. Hist. Nat.," p. 416 (1777); Latr.. "Hist. 

 Nat.," xiv., p. 177 (1805). Gastropacha, Ochs., "Die Schmett.," iii., p. 247 

 (1810) ; Germ., "Bomb. Spec.," p. 50 (1812); Curt., "Brit. Ent.," i., pi. 

 xxiv and expl. (1824) ; Stephs., "111. Haust.," ii., p. 52 (1828) ; " List Br. An. 

 B. Mus.," p. 48 (1850); Wood, "Ind. Ent.," p. 23, tig'. 53 (1839); Humph, 

 and Westd., "Brit. Moths," p. 60 ( ? 1841) ; Evers., "Faun. Volg'.-Ural.," p. 

 151 (1844); H.-Sch., "Sys. Bearb.," ii., p. 104 (1846); Heyd., " Lep. Eur. Cat. 

 Meth.," ed. 3, p. 25 (185*1); Led., " Verh. z.-b. Wien," ii.', Abh. p. 75 (1853); 

 Walk., " List Lep. Ins. B. Mus.," vi., p. 1388(1855); Sta., "Man., i., p. 157 

 (1857); Ramb., "Cat. Lep. And.," p. 344 (1866); Spey., " Geog. Verb.," i., 

 p. 403 (1858;; ii.. p. 287 (1862); Hein., "Schmett. Deutsch.," p. 203 (1859); 

 Wallgrn., " Skand Het.," ii., pp. 108-110(1869); Bang-Haas, "Nat. Tids.," (3), 

 ix., p 410 (1874); Kirbv, " Eur. Butts, and Moths," p. 188 (1880) ; "Cat.," p. 

 823 (1892^; " Handbk. Lep.," iv., p. 118 "(I808) ; Buckl., "Larvae, etc.," iii., 

 pi. Ii., rigs. 1-15 (1889); Auriv., "Iris," vii., pp. 168-170 (1894); Meyr., 

 " Handbook," p 324 (1895); Barr., " Brit. Lep.," iii., p. 42, pi. xcv (1896) ; Staud., 

 " Cat.,' 3rd ed., p. 123 (1901). Pkyllodesma,Hb., " Verz.," p. 190 {fire. 1822). 

 Euthrix, Meig., "Eur. Schmett.," ii., p. 191 (1830). 



Eutricha was the generic name given by Hiibner to quercifolia in 

 the Tentanien, p. 1. he having already figured the species as Bombyx 

 quercifolia in his Europdische Schmetterlinge, figs. 187 — 188. In 

 spite of this, Ochsenheimer, in 1810, included the species in his 

 heterotypical genus Gastropacha, whilst, in 18 12, Germar restricted 

 Ochsenheimer's Gastropacha to the four species quercifolia, populifolia, 

 betulifolia, and ilicifolia, also overlooking Hiibner's selection of 

 quercifolia as the type of Eutricha. Populifolia, which is, and 

 always has been, considered congeneric with quercifolia, must go 

 therewith to Eutricha, and this leaves betulifolia and ilicifolia possible 

 types of Gastropacha, Germ., and these, being congeneric, we have 

 already (anted, ii., p. 450) suggested ilicifolia as the type. Auriv- 

 illius, rejecting the authority of the Tentamcii, took (Iris, vii., pp. 

 168 — 170) an entirely different view, accepting quercifolia as the 

 type of Gastropacha, and referring ilicifolia and betulifolia to Ramburs 

 Epicuaptera, of which he noted suberifolia, Duponchel, as the type. 

 He then describes the genus Gastropacha (type quercifolia) as follows : 



Gastropacha ( quercifolia, populifolia) . — IMAGO : Palpi long, projecting like 

 a beak, with appressed scales; terminal joint long, somewhat pressed together, 

 haired on the margins. Eyes hairy. Forehead simple, with long hairs running out 

 into a point. Legs moderately long; femora and tibia? with long and dense hairs, 

 tarsi with appressed scales ; the first two joints of the front tarsi, however (at least 

 in the <? ), slightly hairy on the outer margin, front tibiae unarmed, the "Schienen- 

 blatt " in the $ large and broad, in the ? much shorter and narrower, scarcely 

 reaching beyond the middle of the tibia; middle and hind tibiae with very short 

 terminal spurs concealed in the hairs ; the first joint of hind tarsi shorter than the 

 following together. Neuration : Median cell of both wings closed; the transverse 

 nervure of [brewing bent, that of hindwing broken before the middle. Forewing 

 with 12 nervines ; 2, 3, and 4 almost equidistant, 5 a short distance from 4, 6 and 7 

 with a short stalk, 8 free from the front edge, and 10 with very long stalks, from 

 the front margin of the median cell. Nervures 2 — run into the hind margin, 10 into 

 the apex, 11 and 12 into the costa. Hindwings with 8 nervures; 3 free. 4 and 5 

 with short stalk from hinder angle, 7 not far from 6, mar to the front edge of median 

 cell, 8 free from base onwards, much bent and united with the front margin of 

 median cell by a long transverse line. The very large basal cell sends out 4- b very 

 long and powerful nervures towards the costa. also behind the basal cell a nervule 

 aiises from 8. Abdomen hairy, hardly reaching beyond anal angle of hindwings; 

 thorax with scale-like, smoothly appressed scales. Antennae : $ antennae curved, with 



