SATURNIA PAVONIA. 3U9 



and the bare dorsal surfaces of the two are not absolutely dorsal, 

 but on the basal branch it is rather more basal, on the distal one 

 more distal ; the basal ones are also a little darker in colour, and 

 terminate more bluntly. Both are fairly cylindrical, the basal a 

 little thickened at the end, and terminating in a point, Nowhere 

 on the antenna are there any definite bristles, but each branch 

 carries 200, or rather more (on full length ones), black, sensory hairs, 

 about o*2mm. long. The shaft carries a few similar but shorter 

 hairs. The colour of the shaft and branches is straw-colour. The 

 black hairs make the antenna as a whole look darker. The 2 

 antenna is about the same length as that of the male, and has 

 the same (variable) number of joints ; being without the sense-hairs 

 of the antenna, it looks pale straw-colour. The pectinations of 

 the male antennae are represented by processes of which the basal 

 is in length, where longest, about equal to the width of the antenna, 

 basally and apically dwindling to nothing ; the distal pectination 

 is merely a slight thickening and projection of the lateral margin 

 of the end of the joint, but where best developed, at the middle 

 of the antenna, carries a bristle or two. The upper or outer processes, 

 however, of both series are much smaller than the lower or inner, 

 so that the outer basal are only half the length of the inner, and 

 the outer distal can hardly be said to exist. The upper basal 

 carry two short terminal bristles (not hairs), the lower basal also, 

 but these also have another at their base. These structures are 

 not represented on the S antenna. They do not exceed o*o5mm. 

 in length. Along the outer basal aspect of these basal processes 

 or pectinations are a dozen or so of short hairs (o'o^m. — o'ojmm.) 

 representing apparently the hairs of the $ antenna. Towards the 

 base of the antenna the inner pectination sometimes carries 2 basal 

 and 3 terminal bristles ; the terminal bristles are reduced to one 

 on both pectinations towards the apex. In both sexes, the chitin 

 of which the dermis of the joints (and in the J the pectinations) consists, 

 appears to be very minutely spiculated, that of the $ pectinations is 

 not so. 



Gynandromorphism. — There are very many gynandromorphous 

 examples of this species recorded in the various entomological 

 periodicals, and many others which have never yet been described 

 undoubtedly exist in collections. Speyer gives (Stett. Ent. Zeit., 

 xlii., pp. 477 — 486) a very circumstantial account of a large 

 number of gynandromorphs, including a brood of the larvae of 

 vS. pavonia found by Maus near Wiesbaden, every one of which pro- 

 duced imagines which proved to be more or less gynandromorphous. 

 The following are those which have come to our knowledge : 



a. Perfect gynandromorph. Right 3 , left ? . The ? wings a little larger than 

 the 3 ones ; the halves of the abdomen in form and colour agreeing with the .-ex 

 exhibited by the wings. Captured near Aschaffeuburg in 1844 (Hagen, Stett. Ent. 

 Zei'tg., 1864, p. 196). 



)3. Left 3 , right 2 ■ Smaller than usual, even the ? side scarcely attains the 

 size of an ordinary 3 . Right antenna and wings ? ; left antenna and wings 3 . 

 Body slender as in 3 , coloured as in ? , the scaling intermediate between that of 

 the two sexes. From the Hoffmannsegg coll. In Berlin Alus. (Klug, Verk., 

 p. 366 ; Jahrb., p. 255 ; Rudolphi, p. 57 ; Burm., p. 340 ; Lefebvre, p. 150). 



y. Left 3 , right ? . Body not divided, ? ; the 3 wings rather smaller, from 

 the back yellow hairs pass over their junction as in 3 ; left antenna 3 , right ? . 

 Giinther, Chemnitz (Capieux, Naturforscher, 1778, st. 12, p. 72, tab. iv., fig. 6). 



