348 BRITISH LEPl£)OPTERA. 



^Egeria. — Taster zwei, vorgestrekkt, dreigliedrig ; zweites Glied langer vora 

 Kopfe abstehend, drittes kiirzer, kegelformig, spitz. Fiihler walzenformig, vielglie- 

 drig : Endglied langer, feiner, spitz.— Sesia apiformis, ichneumoniformis, vespiformis. 

 19 Art. 



In 1809, Laspeyres' important review of the first two vols, of 



Ochsenheimer's Die Schmett. von Europa, was published {J r e?ia. 



Allg. Lit. Zeit., 1809, iv., pp. 89 — 104). In this he proposes (p. 



100) the generic names Deilephila * (for the 2nd and 3rd families 



of the Vienna Catalogue) and Acherontia (for atropos), both "of which 



were adopted by Ochsenheimer in 1816. 



In 18 10, Latreille {Considerations Ord. Nat. Animaux, &c, 

 PP- 357"35^ an d 440-441) named euphorbiae as the type of Sphinx, 

 which was ultra vires, and fixed ocellata as the type of his Smerinthus 

 to the exclusion of tiliae. Thus we find : 



Sphinx. — The type fixed on p. 440 as Sphinx euphorbiae f, Fab. 

 Smerinthus. — The type fixed on p. 440 as S me rinthus ocellata, Linn. 

 Sesia. — The type fixed on p. 440 as Sesia apiformis %, Fab. 



In 1815, Oken gave (Lehrbuch der Zoologie, \., pp. 747 et sea.) 

 a further grouping of Sphingid genera. His classification works 

 out as follows : 



I. Sphinges illegitim^e, hyaline. — Genus 1 — Thyris. Genus 2 — 

 ^Egocera. Genus 3 — JEgeria, Sesia, Trochilium. [Sect. A. — Trochilium — 

 apiformis^ and bembeciformis. Sect. B. — ^Egeria|| — all the small clearwings.] Genus 

 4 — SetiaII (Sesia, Sphinx, JIacroglossum). - Like Sphinx ; anal tuft; tongue long 

 and rolled in ; antennae thicker and shorter, club-shaped, anteriorly pointed and 

 hooked, distinctly flossy. Abdomen broad, tufts of hairs on sides and end ; wings 

 small ; fly by day. Larvae long, cylindrical, on the '' KLreuz " [i.e., the small of the 

 back] a horn or " Spiegel-fleck," no other spots, head globular, transformation 

 above ground among spun-up leaves or bits of plants, [a. Wings entire — fuciformis, 

 bombyliformis, stellatarum. b. Wings emarginate — oenotheraei] 



II. Sphinges illegitim/E, adscit^e. Papiliones phal^enoides.— 

 Burnets, etc. 



III. Sphinges phal^enoides. — Genus: Laothoe {Smerinthus).— Antennae 

 prismatic, spindleformed, serrate, hook at end, tongue doubtful, palpi pressed 

 near together, well scaled, last joint scarcely perceptible. Larva obliquely-striped, 

 with a caudal horn, head tetrahedral ; pupa in earth, without cocoon ; imago with 

 very short tongue, bipartite ; head small, prone ; antennae prismatic, serrate, tip 

 hooked; wings dentate, emarginate, broad; body unicolorous; fly at night. — L. tiliae, 

 L. ocellata, L. populi, L. querciis. 



IV. Sphinges legitime:. Genus 1 : Elpenor**. — Spitzleibige Schwarmer, 

 Mackelraupen, Augenraupen. Body smooth, naked, " Kreuzhorn," head globular, 

 retractile, on the neck some eyespots ; pupa, on the earth, among leaves spun 

 together; imago with the abdomen pointed, not ringed, tongue moderate, wings not 

 dentate, slightly narrowed, pointed, antennae of almost uniform thickness, scaled 

 beneath, apex thread-like, eyes large, fly morning and evening. — E. ncni, E. 

 celerio [phoenix), E. vitis [elpenor), E. porcellus. 



* Curtis fixed elpenor as the type of this genus {Brit. Ent., fol. 3, 1824). It 

 therefore falls as a synonym of Eumorpha. 



f Ultra vires since ligustri was already (from 1758) the type of Sphinx. 



\ This of course fails, as Cuvier (in 1797) had already fixed the type of Sesia 

 as stellatarum, and Hiibner (in 1806) had named culiciformis the type. 



^ As apiformis and bembeciformis have hitherto been considered congeneric 

 this fixes these species as representing Trochilium (sens. rest.). 



|| sEgcria has, apart from apiformis, only two possible types at this date, 

 vespiformis and ichneumoniformis. 



If Setia is evidently intended as ;i classical emendation of Sesia, and falls 

 before the latter. 



** As no type has ever yet, to our knowledge, been fixed for this genus, and 

 all the species contained have, in the meanwhile, been constituted the types of 

 other genera, it appears to us best to declare elpenor, L. (zzzvitis, Okeu) the type, 

 and to sink Elpenor, Oken, before Eumorpha, Hb. 



