414 BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA. 



way between dorsally and forwards, and is roughly sculptured 

 with small points. The opening over first spiracle is a narrow 

 slit with sharp lips, and slightly finer sculpturing along mar- 

 gin. The long, broad dorsum of mesothorax is rough, with 

 irregularly but closely disposed points, and has a longitudinal 

 central line of suture, marked, especially at its centre, by similar 

 smoothed surface to that noted in connection with the appendages. 

 The surface roughnesses look as if arranged, in some degree, with 

 reference to this point as a centre, but elude any definite description 

 of radiating from it or being in circles round it. This dorsal 

 suture passes forwards as a definite, fine groove through the pro- 

 thorax and the interantennal headpiece, and is even seen, not as 

 a suture, but a line of central division, between the rough surface 

 even on the clypeus ; it extends backwards through the metathorax, 

 and as an indicated central line rather than a suture through the 

 first three abdominal segments. Another suture on the dorsum of 

 the mesothorax is unusually obvious, viz., that marking off the 

 wing-bases ; this starts at the anterior margin of the segment, half- 

 way between the middle line and the antenna, at a point where 

 the prothorax projects backwards with something of an angle, and 

 reaches the posterior margin of the segment just where it curves 

 round into the inner margin of the wing. The metathorax is very 

 narrow on the extreme dorsum. The first abdominal segment is 

 narrow, and narrower laterally where it passes under the hindwings. 

 The 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments are again rather narrow ; 

 the 4th, 5th and 6th abdominals being one-and-a-half times to twice 

 the width of those in front, their width differing considerably accord- 

 ing to plumpness of pupa and stretching or otherwise of inter- 

 segmental membrane ; the 7th and 8th again are narrower, and 

 the 9th very narrow ; the 10th is unusually well developed. 

 The subsegmentation of these abdominal segments is obvious to 

 a degree rare in pupae. To take the fifth abdominal segment 

 on the dorsum, five successive zones are present, four being 

 subsegmental, the fifth the intersegmental membrane. The first 

 is a little the largest and slightly fuller and more rounded, and 

 more boldly sculptured ; the fourth is very narrow ; tracing these 

 round the segment, the first three become indistinguishable at 

 the spiracle, but the fourth is more marked in the lateral region 

 than elsewhere ; it seems to be the portion I have in the Rhopalocera 

 called the intersegmental subsegment ; its sculpturing is different 

 from the others, instead of being of bold rough points, it is a fine 

 shagreened texture, much like intersegmental membrane ; the line 

 marking it off from the anterior subsegments is very marked 

 laterally and fades rather suddenly ventrally at the scars of the 

 prolegs, but on the 7th abdominal segment it passes right round 

 the segment very distinctly ; this line is really a fall of the pupal 

 surface to a lower level on this subsegmental surface, a circumstance 

 that seems to make it structurally something different from the 

 others, possibly, as I have surmised, part of what is properly 

 intersegmental surface ; the line is not straight round the segment, 

 but lias a distinct angle upwards in front of the spiracle, and is 

 waved twice again in front of this ; in one specimen there is a 

 tendency to a range of nodules in this subsegment, very marked 



