HEMARIS FUCIFORMIS. 513 



Corpus griseum. Abdomen cingulo nigro ; barba laterali pone 

 cingulum albida. Anus barba nigra. Antennae nigrae (Faun. 

 Suec, ii., p. 289).] Sphi?ix fuciformis. Abdomine barbato nigro : 

 fascia flavescente, alis fenestratis margine nigro atro-purpurascente. 

 Faun. Suec, 1092. Scop., Cam., 475. Bradl., Nat., 26, f. i. b. 

 Roes., Ins., app. 231, t. 38; 4, t. 34. f. 1 — 4. Sultze [sic], Ins., 

 t. 15, p. 82, n. 4. Habitat in Lonicera. Barba abdominis in medio 

 alba est {Sys. Nat., xiith ed., pp. 803-804). 



Imago *. — 42mm. — 50mm. Anterior wings with the greater part 

 somewhat transparent ; nervures dark red-brown ; the base and costa 

 black-brown, dusted with ochreous-green ; a dark red-brown discal 

 mark, and a broad red-brown hind-marginal band. Posterior wings 

 more or less transparent with dark nervures and a moderately broad 

 dark red-brown hind-marginal band ; basal area densely scaled. 

 Thorax ochreous-green ; abdomen greenish-ochreous with a dark 

 red-brown median band. 



Variation. — There appears to be some variation in this species, 

 the Asiatic examples being different from those usually found in 

 Europe. Slight aberrations in the amount of scaling retained, in 

 the width and tint of the marginal borders, and also in size, are 

 recorded. Caradja, for example, records two Roumanian specimens, 

 in both of which the dark outer margin is somewhat narrower than 

 usual. Fowler observes that bred examples have the wings quite 

 covered with rich brown scales, &c. The following are the described 

 forms : 



a. ab.heynei, Bartel, "Ent. Nach.," xxiv., p. 337 (Nov., 1898); "Palaeark. Gross- 

 Schmett.," p. 228 (1900); Rev, " Berl. Eat. Zeits.," xlv., Sitz. p. 18 (1900). — 

 The size of both sexes is 42mm. — 45mm. ; it is thus considerably smaller than 

 fuciformis, of which I have specimens before me measuring 50mm., while the 

 extreme measurement of tityus is only 43mm. The form of the wings agrees 

 with the former species, while the outer margin also, both on the fore- and hind- 

 wings, is as broad as in this species. The colour of the forewings is much darker 

 than that of the hindwings, yet not red-brown as in fuciformis, but much more 

 dusky, more blackish, thus similar to that of tityus. Only on close examination 

 is any brown tinge (very faint) visible therein. The elongate spot on the trans- 

 verse nervure of the forewing, which so well distinguishes fuciformis from tityus, 

 is much broader than in the former species, although still not so broad as 

 in the var. robusta, Alph., from the Thian-Schan. The basal area and the main 

 part of the inner margin are on both wings filled up with dark colour, which 

 extends the same distance in he.ynei as in fuciformis, is grey-brown in one 

 specimen, inclined to greenish in another, and to yellowish in the other two. 

 The underside shows no important peculiarities excepting the notably darkened 

 margins. Only the marginal band terminates at the inner angle of the hindwing 

 in a far darker broad spot than in fuciformis, of which I have compared more 

 than 60 specimens. One may regard this as a character of tityus, in which the 

 black border widens at the anal angle into a more or less intense black spot. In 

 the antennas no special differences are observable, but in the body such are very 

 pronounced. Head, thorax, and first two abdominal segments incline in colour 

 more to tityus than to fuciformis ; they are yellowish, without, however, being 

 quite as light as in the former species. The abdomen far more resembles tityus 

 than fuciformis in form. The 3rd and 4th abdominal segments are quite 



* The whole surface of the wings is covered before flight with large loose 

 dark red scales, which in the broad central portions of the wings are so loosely 

 attached that they are shaken off at the first flutter. These scales give the 

 specimens which have been killed before flight a dusky semitransparent ap- 

 pearance (Barrett). Merrifield states that the fugitive scales which cover the 

 centre of the wing, and almost immediately after emergence become detached, maybe 

 rendered adherent by allowing a very weak solution of indiarubber, in benzoline, 

 to run over the wings. 



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