HEMARIS FUCIFORMIS. 517 



wrinkles ; colour bright pea-green, the embryo showing whitish 

 through the shell (Received from Mr. Head, and described July ioth, 

 1 901). The empty eggshell is quite transparent, almost smooth, 

 with the appearance of silk ; the caterpillar escapes from the upper 

 part of the egg, towards (but above and not directly from) one of 

 the poles. Hatched July 6th, 1899 (Tutt). 



Habits of larva, — When young ' the larva rests underneath 

 a leaf of honeysuckle, and has the power of dropping by a thread 

 if disturbed (Bacot) ; its whereabouts are easily detected, owing to 

 its habit of eating round holes through the leaves when young 

 (Holland) • usually these holes are in pairs, one hole opposite and 

 on each side of the midrib, about 3 pairs to a leaf (Sich) ; after- 

 wards the larvae are highly protected by their resemblance to the 

 narrow leaves of the honeysuckle, and are sometimes most difficult 

 to see. They turn deep purplish-brown before leaving the plant 

 for pupation (Griffiths). The larvae were very plentiful at Wimborne 

 in July and August, 1888 (Fowler), of varying sizes in July, 1890, 

 in New Forest, some only just hatched and others fullfed ; also 

 fullfed larvae July i8th-3ist, 1891, at Brockenhurst (Mitchell) ; 

 larvae on July 3rd, 1883, at Butterwood, June 28th, 1886, at 

 Tilehurst, July 5th, 1-891, in great plenty at Aldermaston (Holland); 

 June 9th, 1886, already fullfed at Brentwood (Burrows) ; July 

 I2th-i9th, 1890, at Brockenhurst (Ogden) ; ova and young larvae at 

 late as July 11.th-31.st, 1891; larger larvae July 6th, 1892, near Ems- 

 worth; also on July 8th-9th, 1891, June 22nd, 1892, and May 20th, 

 1894, in the New Forest (Christy) ; 13 larvae on August 13th, 1898, on 

 honeysuckle growing among heather at Oxshott (South) ; young larvae 

 on July 5th, 1899, at Aylsham (Freeman); nearly fullfed August 

 7th, 1899, at Market Rasen (Mason); also very small at Reading, 

 on July 20th, 1900 (Butler); July 28th, 1900, between Loughton 

 and Theydon Bois (Lane); July 8th-nth, at East Hoathly 

 (Sich); almost fullfed at Tuors Pensch, August 12th, 1875 

 (Zeller). 



Larva. — First instar (newly-hatched) : Length about 3mm. 

 Head large, more noticeably in height than width ; rounded in 

 outline ; colour pale cream ; surface granular, dull, with a few 

 scattered hairs all markedly bifid, though the branches are not 

 quite so long as those of the body hairs. Body short and thick ; 

 segments distinctly marked ; scutellum distinct ; colour opaque 

 creamy-white without lines ; the tubercular points i, ii, iii, iv, and 

 accessory prespiracular, tall and cone-shaped but not large, they 

 are single-haired ; these hairs borne on the tubercles are large and 

 very markedly bifid, each fork being about three times the length 

 of the undivided or stem portion, the branches tapering gradually to 

 a point ; traces of serrations are sometimes discernible on the hairs. 

 Caudal horn about one-half the length of the body, thick, soft, 

 fleshy-looking, dark purple-black in colour ; the terminal hairs (setae 

 of i) long, and the horn itself slightly bifid ; covered with a dense 

 growth of short hairs slightly bifid at tip. First instar (full-grown): 

 The caudal horn very similar to that of the larva of Sphinx ligustri, ' 

 but the apical bisection deeper; the hairs at tip not noticeably bifid, 

 suggesting that the wide forks of the hairs carried by the tubercles 

 i, ii, iii iv &c. are probably of more recent origin than the less 



