518 BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA. 



strongly bifid ones on the caudal horn ; the dorsal tubercles (i and ii) 

 on the meso- and metathoracic segments are united as in the larva 

 of Sphinx (ligustri) and bear two setae (i and ii). On the abdominal 

 segments they are separate. The lateral tubercles — iii (supra- 

 spiracular), iv (subspiracular), and the characteristic accessory 

 prespiracular — each carry a single deeply-cleft hair. There are no 

 traces of any secondary hairs (July 9th). Second ins tar : Head still 

 rounded, not very large, bears rather long dark hairs slightly 

 notched at apex, colour faint greenish with a semi-transparent 

 appearance. Body of the same colour as in the first instar but 

 rather more opaque ; the scutellum very large and distinct, bearing 

 some large dark-coloured hairs rather more forked at tip than those 

 on head ; segmental incisions distinct, subsegmental divisions also 

 fairly well marked ; the caudal horn purplish-black, large, thick, 

 about one-third the length of the body, still slightly bifid at tip, 

 each branch bearing one long tapering pointed seta, the horn 

 still thickly covered with short dark-coloured hairs well forked at 

 their apices ; the body now covered, Amorphid-like, with a coat 

 of fine, short, markedly bifid hairs, though not branched so much 

 as are the primary hairs borne on the tubercles in the 1st stadium ; 

 the primary setae on the tubercles are still noticeably larger than 

 these secondary hairs, but bear no comparison with those of 1st 

 stadium either in length or extent of bifurcation of bifid tip, being 

 now merely slightly larger than the secondary hairs ; no trace 

 yet of lateral stripes (July 1 6th) (Bacot). Penulti?nate instar: The 

 larvae were set with rough points before their last moult, otherwise 

 much as when in their last stadium. Final instar : The fullgrown 

 larva is about 35mm. long, stoutest at segments 9 and 10, tapering 

 forwards, but not rapidly ; the face slightly wider at the mouth 

 than above, the lobes set with some small points ; the skin with 

 eight folds to each segment, bearing dots, but really smooth ; the 

 horn on segment 12 rough, curved, and sharp at the tip ; the general 

 colour a beautiful green, the back whiter green, with a dorsal line 

 showing at the folds ; the subdorsal line yellow, ending at the 

 horn, which has the base lilac, the middle claret-brown, and the 

 tip brown ; the spiracles bright rust-red in colour, with a white 

 dot above and below ; in one specimen the spiracles were surrounded 

 by reddish-brown pear-shaped spots ; the belly red-brown, with a 

 yellow line edging it, the anal flap edged with yellow ; the head 

 of a bluer green than the body (Hellins). The larva when full- 

 grown is 40mm. — 50mm. in length. It is light green, mixed with 

 whitish dorsally, and densely covered with fine yellowish dots 

 which stand together in rows. The larva has a yellow longitudinal 

 line at each side of the dorsum, uniting on the horn. In the middle 

 the dark dorsal vessels are visible, through which a light line 

 runs. Spiracles white, margined with reddish, or brown-red. 

 The thick, curved, shagreened horn is brown, at the apex 

 yellowish. A violet tinge appears above the legs. On the belly 

 a broad brown-red stripe runs from the head to the anal claspers ; 

 it colours the legs, or a part of them, brown-red. Head dark or 

 dirty grey-green, rough. Before pupating the larva becomes a dirty 

 violet-grey (Bartel). The larva is elongated, covered with small 

 tubercular spots, which give it a rough granulated appearance 



