532 BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA. 



movements, obliterated in others ; two further wrinkles intervene 

 between this and prolegs, which have a fringe of rather larger 

 hairs 12 — 15 in number; about 20 hooks to prolegs which retract 

 very completely ; hooks alternately longer and shorter, the hair- 

 points on horn are rather larger and more numerous than elsewhere, 

 and the white bases have on upper and under surface of horn, 

 brown rings ; anal and clasper plates much as rest of surface except 

 fringe of hairs at lower border of clasper plates [Chapman, 

 August 14th, 1B99. Two larvae from Evolena. One specimen 

 apparently fullgrown is green, another in last skin is pale purplish 

 and had same colour in previous instar]. Adult larva (preserved 

 specimens) : Head rounded, inclining to be tall, vertical measure- 

 ment greater than horizontal ; caudal horn stout, short and pointed ■ 

 body rather plump and stout compared with larva of Sesia stella- 

 tarum, and very stout compared with that of Hemaris fuciformis. 

 The three examined vary in tint ; one is whitish-green, the second 

 slightly darker, the third very dark olive-green with purple oblique 

 slashes in which are the spiracles sloping from head to anus. The 

 purple subdorsal line of this last example increases on each 

 segment to a triangular or pyramidal blotch tapering from 

 front to back ; a dark mediodorsal line is present in all the 

 examples, as also is the. subdorsal in some shade or other, and faint 

 traces of the oblique markings; the abdominal subsegments are clearly 

 marked by 8 ridges of mammillary points. There is no differentiation 

 in appearance between the thoracic and abdominal segments, as in 

 Sphingids and Manducids, nor does one find the marked tendency to 

 taper from the abdominal segments to the head that is so strongly 

 marked in the Eumorphid larvae and, to a slighter extent, in that of 

 Sesia stellatarum, nor is there any tendency to form one large sub- 

 segment by the union of the first three subsegments as in the 

 Eumorphids. On the whole, the general form of the larva is more 

 suggestive of the Amorphids in shape than of any other Sphingid 

 larva that I have examined (Bacot). The larva when fullgrown is 

 40mm. — 50mm. long. It is bluish-green, lighter coloured in the 

 incisions, with a longitudinal white line on each side of the dorsum, in 

 which stands, on each segment, a brown-red spot. The two lines unite 

 on the almost straight, rough, browned horn, which is only slightly 

 curved and runs to a fine point. Spiracles white, granulated with 

 reddish and with red-brown margin; sometimes without this. Thoracic 

 legs reddish. The centre of the venter is occupied by a broad brown- 

 red longitudinal stripe, which runs from the first pair of legs to 

 the anal claspers, and also colours the inner side of the ventral 

 prolegs with red. The head is dark green, and like the rest of 

 the body of the larva, rough shagreen (Bartel). 



Variation of larva. — The larva of 17. tityus is rather vari- 

 able both as to the tint of the ground-colour and as to the 

 quantity and intensity of red markings present. In colour the larvae 

 not only vary through different shades of green but rare forms are buff 

 or even pale purplish in tint, not only in the last, but also in the 

 preceding, instar. Such an one Chapman found at Evolena in the Val 

 d'Herens, before its last moult, the colour being maintained through- 

 out the last instar until fullgrown. Buckler gives figures of two forms 

 of the fullgrown larvas f Larvae, &c, ii., pi. xxvi., figs. 4, 4a) showing 



