56 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



coelestis. These, again, subdivide in size into lilacina-minor, hispana- 

 minor, coelestis- minor, lilacina-major, hispana-major, coelestis-major, 

 etc., and then marginally into lilacina-punctata, lilacina-marginata, 



etc., cdelestis-punctata, coelestls-marginata, etc., whilst these, again, on 

 the undersides may show ab. parisiensis, ab. semiarcuata, etc., or they 

 may have white fringes, ab. atbofimbriata. It is, therefore, as is 

 arragonensis, a distinct race, undergoing almost exactly the same 

 aberrational modifications as the type. The ? s are of a deep 

 fuscous-brown, with discoidals of forewings well-marked, the marginal 

 band of hindwings spotted with red lunules, the Spots of the. forewings 

 ill-defined and vaguely outlined in grey, the fringes creamy, chequered 

 strongly with brown, especially on forewings ; the underside pale 

 brownish, the hindwings are a little deeper ochreous ; the spots well- 

 marked and distinctly ringed. The underside of one specimen is 

 similar, except that the median area of the forewings is pale, the 

 discoidal 8-shaped,the right forewing with extra spots ( = ab. addenda), 

 the left normal. 



Races of Asia Minor and Syria. 



a. var. caacasica, Led., " Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg.," xiii. , p. 23 (1869-70); Staud., 

 "Cat.," 2nded., p. 12 (1871); Kirby, " Syn. Cat.," supp., p. 767 (1877); Eom. T 

 "Mem.," i., p. 52 (1884); Lang, "Butts. Europe," p. 143 (1884); Kane, "Eur. 

 Butts.," p. 45 (1885); Kuhl, "Pal. Gross-Schmett.," p. 278 (1891-5); Tutt, 

 " Brit. Butts.," p. 166 (1896); Obth., " Etudes," xx., p. 20, pi. iii., fig. 29 (1906); 

 Staud., "Cat.," 3rd ed., p. 86 (1901); Lamb., "Pap. Belg.," p. 239 (1902); 

 Leonh., " Ins. Borse," xxii., p. 124 (1905); Seitz, " Gross-Schmett.," i., pi. 81 e 

 (1909). Polona, Led., " Wien. Ent. Rionats.," viii., p. 166 (1864); Staud., " Hor. 

 Soc. Ent. Boss.," xiv., p. 244 in part (1879). Corydonius, Neutst., "Int. Ent. 

 Zeits. Gub.," iii., p. 198 (1909). — Lycaena corydon, Scop. var. caucasica, Led. ( = 

 polona, Led., Wien. Ent. Monats., viii., p. 166 non Z.). I have received from 

 Haberhauer this variety in abundance; it has the blue tint of daphnis, the black 

 edging is very narrow, or indicated merely by some black scales, the fringe faintly 

 chequered or uniformly white. This form differs further from var. corydonius by 

 the shade of the blue, which is milky in corydonius ; the shape of the wings and 

 the ? s conform with the type. Polonus, Zell., has the same shape of wings as 

 bellargus, the same shining blue, and a wide black border which enlarges somewhat 

 on the costa. Nordmann cites corydon amongst the species of the Caucasus with- 

 out indicating any varieties (Lederer). 



This is the beautiful, large, smooth-looking bright blue form of 

 A. caridon, with narrow border to forewings, and interneural spots on 

 the hindwings, although a slightly darker shading is noticeable in 

 certain lights, suggesting a rather wider margin in some specimens. 

 Lederer first noticed this form as polona (Wien. Ent. Monats., viii., 

 p. 106) in an article describing the insects collected at Kutair and 

 Abbastuman in Imeretia (Caucasus) by Haberhauer and his wife, and 

 at Helenendorf (Caucasus) by Kindermann. These polona were 

 among the former, but Lederer had no dates, and did not know from 

 which of Haberhauer's two localities they came. Some of Leder< 

 own specimens are in the British Museum coll. (individuals of which 

 have come through the "Zell. coll."). and these 1 latter, strangely enough, 

 are labelled " polona, Caucasus " by Zeller himself. They certainly 

 do hear some superficial resemblance to Zeller's "type" specimen of 

 polonus, hut are seen to be widely different when carefully compared. 

 Lederer's statements (supra) that polonus, Zell., has the same shape of 

 the wings as bellargus, and the same shining blue, are not very accurate, 

 as one sees by comparison. Staudinger (Cat,, 2nd ed., p. 12) first 

 described the caacasica form as "colore caeruleo; Armenia," and in his 



